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. 2018 Sep 10;8:13543. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31757-z

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Influence of immune checkpoint inhibitors on the cytokine content in the culture supernatants in response to allergenic extracts. CFSE-labeled PBMCs of allergic and non-allergic individuals were stimulated with allergenic extracts of HDM and BP (A) as well as GP and MP (B) in the presence of blocking antibodies as indicated. After 6-7 days, culture supernatants were collected, pooled and analyzed by multiplex flow cytometry. (Left) Normalized cytokine scores (described in the material and methods section) of CD4⁺ T cells are summarized and shown in form of heat maps. The median values of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17F and IL-10 are depicted for each cohort. (Right) Comparison of the total cytokine content of IFN-γ and IL-13 when stimulating PBMC cultures with the indicated antigen sources with or without PD-L1 blockade. Stars indicate significant differences compared to mock control calculated by Friedman test and Dunn’s multiple comparison post hoc test (*P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001 and ****P ≤ 0.0001).