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. 2018 Apr 10;16(10):1748–1755. doi: 10.1111/pbi.12911

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Preference of the rice planthopper Nilaparvata lugens for undamaged or caterpillar‐damaged Bt or non‐Bt rice plants. Caterpillar symbols indicate damage by one 3rd instar of Chilo suppressalis. All choice tests were performed with 20–23 replicates, each consisting of a group of 20 N. lugens. The number of planthoppers represents the average of daily values based on 7‐day observation periods. Asterisks indicate significant differences: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; NS indicates no significance (P > 0.05) (paired‐sample t‐test).