. 2018 Sep 10;9:3673. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-06143-y

Table 3.

The number of antimicrobial resistant mutants with resistance-associated mutations

Resistance mechanism		CIP^R	MEC^R	NIT^R	TMP^R
Drug target	Modification	10^a			6
Drug target	Overproduction				6
Drug activation	Nitroreductase disruption			10
Drug uptake	Porin mutation	1
Efflux	AcrAB-TolC	7		1
	MdtK	9		1
	MdfA			1
	EmrAB-TolC			7
	ABC transport		1
ppGpp synthesis (stringent response activation)	Stringent response		4
	tRNA synthesis		4
	tRNA processing		1
	Cellular metabolism		3

^aAll mutants resistant to ciprofloxacin contained one mutation in the gyrA gene, except the K56-2 CIP^R mutant that contained two mutations in gyrA and a mutation in parC