Table 3. Independent t-test comparing mean post-pre change scores between study groups.

Outcome measure	Study group	N	Mean change	SD	SEM	t value	P value
HbA1c (%) change score	Control	10	−0.050	0.347	0.110	3.63**	0.002
	Intervention	9	−0.600	0.308	0.103
Diabetes knowledge change score	Control	10	0.100	1.52	0.482	−3.28**	0.004
	Intervention	9	2.44	1.59	0.530
Self-efficacy change score	Control	10	−0.035	0.252	0.080	−4.94***	0.000
	Intervention	9	0.994	0.578	0.193

**, P<0.01, ***, P<0.001. SD, standard deviation; SEM, standard error of the mean.