Figure 1.

PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HI. Dotted arrows represent the response under normoxia, and solid arrows represent the response under HI. PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase; Akt, protein kinase B; HI, hypoxia-ischemia; RTK, receptor tyrosine kinase; HIF, hypoxia-induced factor; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologue; FoxO3a, Forkhead box O3; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; FRAP, FKBP-rapamycin associated protein; pVHL, von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein; P300/CBP, cyclic-adenosine monophosphate-response element-binding protein binding protein; BCL2, B-cell lymphoma 2; Bax, Bcl-2-associated X protein; eNOS, endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase.