TABLE 3.
Description of intervention (kinesiology tape and physiotherapy).
| Type | Kaya Kara et al. (2015) | Şimşek et al. (2011) | Ibrahim (2015) | Badawy et al. (2016) | Karabay et al. (2015) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kinesio® tape (KT) | Kinesio® tape (KT) | Kinesio® tape (KT) | Kinesio® tape (KT) | Kinesio® tape (KT) | |
| Kinesiology taping (KT) | |||||
| Intervention application | ‘I’ taping for scapula stabilisation and postural control, using 5 cm tape (KT was also applied to lower and upper limbs) | KT was applied longitudinally between C7 and S1 along the paraspinal musculature. KT was applied from insertion to origin for children with hypertonus in trunk musculature and from origin to insertion for children with trunk hypotonia. Fan technique was applied using 5 cm KT |
Two strips were placed immediately lateral to the vertebral spinous processes in a caudal-cephalo direction from the levels of L3/L4-T1. The other two strips were placed along the lower trapezius muscle from the acromion process to T12 in an oblique manner | KT tape was cut into ‘I’ strips and secured onto the acromioclavicular joint without stretch. Tape was then applied in an oblique manner to T12 with stretch, and secured at the last 5 cm without stretch | |
| Physiotherapy management | Neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT) which consisted of stretching, weight-bearing, functional reaching and walking | Exercises focusing on tone regulation, activities of upper extremity like grabbing-releasing and activities of sitting and balance reactions related to sitting | Exercises to improve the sitting and standing position, to increase sitting and standing balance, and activities to improve the upper extremity function including reaching, grasping and release | NDT which included facilitation of rolling, sitting positions, active trunk control exercises, improving sitting balance, righting and equilibrium reactions, weight bearing exercises, hand function exercises and proprioceptive training | NDT (non-specified) |
| Duration | KT was applied for 12 weeks in all studies. KT was applied for 3 days after which the tape was removed for a 24-h resting period before reapplication for a further 3 days |
KT was applied bilaterally for 4 weeks and was changed every 3–4 days | |||
| No taping | |||||
| Physiotherapy management | NDT which consisted of stretching, weight-bearing, functional reaching and walking | Exercises focusing on tone regulation, activities of upper extremity like grabbing-releasing and activities of sitting and balance reactions related to sitting | Exercises to improve the sitting and standing position, to increase sitting and standing balance, and activities to improve the upper extremity function including reaching, grasping and release | NDT which included facilitation of rolling, sitting positions, active trunk control exercises, improving sitting balance, righting and equilibrium reactions, weight bearing exercises, hand function exercises and proprioceptive training | NDT (non-specified) |
| Duration | Two sessions a week for 12 weeks | 1-hour sessions, three times a week for 12 weeks | 1.5-hour sessions, three times a week for 12 weeks | Four to five sessions per day for 4 weeks | |
Note: Dosage and duration of physiotherapy management in the KT group were the same as for the control group.
C1, first cervical vertebra; cm, centimetres; S1, first sacral vertebra; T12, 12th thoracic vertebra; L3, third lumbar vertebra; L4, fourth lumbar vertebra; L5, fifth lumbar vertebra.