Table 2.

PMTCT measures in case and control mothers

	Controls (n = 290) N (%)	Cases (n = 145) N (%)	OR (95% CI)	p a
Antenatal Care
Yes	213 (73.5)	60 (41.2)	1
No	32 (11.0)	29 (20.0)	3.10 (1.68–5.70)	< 0.000
No information	45 (15.5)	68 (38.6)	5.62 (3.11–10.13)	< 0.000
Time of Diagnosis
Before/during antenatal	192 (66.2)	41 (28.3)	1
During delivery	56 (19.3)	36 (24.8)	3.68 (1.90–7.14)	< 0.000
After birth	14 (4.8)	36 (24.8)	11.21 (5.27–23.36)	< 0.000
No information	28 (9.7)	32 (22.1)	6.01 (2.96–12.19)	< 0.000
Gestational Age at First Visit	18.8 (0.9)b	22.3 (2.4)c	1.07 (0.99–1.15)	0.11
Antenatal Location
Some or all in reference centre	157 (60.9)	14 (12.1)	1
No reference centre	56 (21.7)	46 (39.7)	19.78 (5.65–69.24)	< 0.000
No information	45 (17.4)	56 (48.3)	37.47 (10.73–130.84)	< 0.000
Antenatal ART
Yes	169 (58.3)	16 (11.0)	1
No	95 (32.8)	101 (69.7)	19.41 (8.72–43.21)	< 0.000
No information	26 (9.0)	28 (19.3)	14.91 (5.71–38.93)	< 0.000
Antenatal ART Regimen
Triple ARV	71 (42.0)	8 (50.0)	1
AZT only	98 (58.0)	8 (50.0)	1.38 (0.43–4.43)	0.54
Intravenous AZT during Delivery
Yes	190 (65.5)	41 (28.3)	1
No	55 (19.0)	62 (42.8)	4.89 (2.91–8.24)	< 0.000
No information	45 (15.5)	42 (29.0)	4.31 (2.38–7.80)	< 0.000
Type of Birth
Caesarean	174(60.0)	59 (40.7)	1
Vaginal	94 (32.4)	57 (39.3)	1.73 (1.11–2.71)	0.02
No information	22 (7.6)	29 (20.0)	3.74 (1.98–7.09)	< 0.000
ART in Infant
Yes	250 (86.2)	65 (44.8)	1
No	12 (4.1)	42 (29.0)	12.10 (5.79–25.27)	< 0.000
No information	28 (9.7)	38 (26.2)	8.60 (4.04–18.26)	< 0.000
Formula Only
Yes	243 (83.8)	74 (51.0)	1
No	15 (5.2)	31 (21.4)	5.44 (2.84–10.40)	< 0.000
No information	32 (11.0)	40 (27.6)	4.87 (2.60–9.15)	< 0.000

^aConditional logistic regression; ^bn = 101; ^cn = 19