Table 1.

Demographic characteristics at ICU admission (categorical variable)

Variables		No.	(%)
Age (years)	≥ 65	21	63.6
	< 65	12	36.4
Gender	Male	20	60.6
	Female	13	39.4
BMI (kg/m2)	< 18.5	4	12.1
	18.5–24.9	16	48.5
	25–29.9	12	36.4
	30–34.9	1	3.0
Comorbidity	Diabetes mellitus	5	15.1
	Hypertension	10	30.3
	Cerebrovascular disease	3	9.1
	Cardiovascular disease	5	15.2
	Chronic lung disease	3	9.1
	Liver cirrhosis	4	12.1
	Malignancy	18	54.5
Type of surgery	Hepatobiliary surgery	6	18.2
	Gastrointestinal surgery	21	63.6
	Others	2	6.1
	Without surgery	4	12.1
Sepsis	Yes	22	66.7
	No	11	33.3
Sepsis etiology	IAI	15	45.6
	Pneumonia	2	6.1
	Soft tissue infection	2	6.1
	Urinary tract infection	1	3.0
	Unknown	2	6.1
SOFA score	0–1	1	3.0
	2–7	17	51.5
	8–11	7	21.2
	> 11	8	24.2
Kidney dysfunction (RIFLE criteria)	Normal	17	51.5
	R, I, F	14	42.4
	L, E	2	6.1
Albumin (g/dL)	≥ 3.5	3	9.1
	< 3.5	30	90.9
Use of vasopressors	Yes	13	39.4
	No	20	60.6
Use of MV	Yes	28	84.8
	No	5	15.2

ICU intensive care unit, BMI body mass index, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, IAI intra-abdominal infection, UTI urinary tract infection, MV mechanical ventilator