Table 4. Prevalence of risk factors, symptoms, and fetal and maternal outcomes in women with hypertension disorders according to gravidity.
| Primigravida (n = 97) |
Multigravida (n = 127) |
Total (N = 224) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk factors | ||||
| BMI, mean ± SD | 27.6 ± 6.1 | 28.4 ± 6.5 | 28.04 ± 6.1 | > 0.050 |
| Personal history of eclampsia | 22 | 70 | 92 (41.1) | < 0.001 |
| Family history of eclampsia | 14 | 32 | 46 (20.5) | 0.034 |
| Smoking | 10 | 12 | 22 (9.8) | 0.502 |
| Associated DM | 18 | 41 | 59 (26.3) | 0.015 |
| Patient symptoms | ||||
| Asymptomatic | 30 | 46 | 76 | > 0.050 |
| Mild hypertension | 3 | 8 | 11 | > 0.050 |
| Severe hypertension | 6 | 13 | 19 | > 0.050 |
| Oligohydramnios | 3 | 11 | 14 | > 0.050 |
| Peripheral edema | 16 | 12 | 28 | > 0.050 |
| Headache | 13 | 26 | 39 | > 0.050 |
| Epigastric pain | 16 | 25 | 41 | > 0.050 |
| Blurring of vision | 14 | 23 | 37 | > 0.050 |
| Maternal outcomes | ||||
| Eclamptic seizures | 11 | 4 | 15 (6.7) | 0.015 |
| ICU admission | 9 | 11 | 20 (8.9) | > 0.050 |
| Mode of delivery | ||||
| SVD | 17 | 30 | 47 (21.0) | > 0.050 |
| C/S | 80 | 97 | 177 (79.0) | |
| Maternal complications | 10 | 11 | 21 (9.4) | > 0.050 |
| Maternal mortality | 2 | 1 | 3 (1.3) | > 0.050 |
| Fetal outcomes | ||||
| Gestational age in weeks | 34.2 ± 3.2 | 33.5 ± 4.1 | > 0.050 | |
| Fetal weight, mean ± SD, g | 2700.0 ± 800.0 | 2600.0 ± 880.0 | > 0.050 | |
| Apgar scores | ||||
| 1 minute | 7 | 9 | > 0.050 | |
| 5 minutes | 9 | 9 | ||
| Head circumference, mean ± SD, cm | 31.2 ± 3.3 | 30.1 ± 0.0 | 0.043 |
BMI: body mass index; SD: standard deviation; DM: diabetes mellitus; SVD: spontaneous vaginal delivery; C/S: cesarean section; ICU: intensive care unit.