Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population
| Intervention | Control | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 73) | (n = 79) | |||
| Female | 54 | (74.0) | 54 | (68.4) |
| Sex | n | (%) | n | (%) |
| Mean | (SEM) | Mean | (SEM) | |
| Age (y) | 77 | (1.2) | 76 | (1.1) |
| Type of residence before fracture | n | (%) | n | (%) |
| Home | 63 | (86.3) | 66 | (83.5) |
| Home for the elderly | 8 | (11.0) | 7 | (8.9) |
| Nursing home | 2 | (2.7) | 4 | (5.1) |
| Rehabilitation clinic/hospital | 0 | (0.0) | 2 | (2.5) |
| Medical history | ||||
| Cardiovascular diseases | 40 | (54.8) | 43 | (54.4) |
| Heart diseases | 20 | (27.4) | 26 | (32.9) |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | 2 | (2.7) | 8 | (10.1) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 16 | (21.9) | 14 | (17.7) |
| Diseases of the nervous system | 8 | (11.0) | 18 | (22.8) |
| Diseases of muscoskeletal system and connective tissue | 28 | (38.4) | 26 | (32.9) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 6 | (8.2) | 5 | (6.3) |
| Arthrosis | 5 | (6.8) | 9 | (11.4) |
| Osteoporosis | 8 | (11.0) | 8 | (10.1) |
| Hernia nuclei pulposi | 7 | (9.6) | 5 | (6.3) |
| Other | 13 | (17.8) | 15 | (19.0) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma | 3 | (4.1) | 8 | (10.1) |
| ASA classification | ||||
| I | 9 | (12.5) | 9 | (11.4) |
| II | 49 | (68.1) | 48 | (60.8) |
| III | 14 | (19.4) | 21 | (26.6) |
| IV | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (1.3) |
| Biochemical parameters† | Mean | (SEM) | Mean | (SEM) |
| Hemoglobin (mmol/L) | 8.2 | (0.12) | 8.0 | (0.09) |
| Hematocrit (mmol/L) | 0.39 | (0.01) | 0.38 | (0.01) |
| Leucocytes (10E9/L) | 9.7 | (0.40) | 11.8 | (1.4) |
| Creatinine (µmol/L) | 95.8 | (4.7) | 90.7 | (3.8) |
| INR | 1.1 | (0.05) | 1.1 | (0.04) |
| Fracture type | n | (%) | n | (%) |
| Medial neck | 36 | (49.3) | 45 | (57.0) |
| Pertrochanteric | 32 | (43.8) | 33 | (41.8) |
| Subtrochanteric | 5 | (6.8) | 1 | (1.3) |
| Mean | (SEM) | Mean | (SEM) | |
| Time between admission and surgery (h) | 20.3 | (1.8) | 19.8 | (2.4) |
| Duration of surgery (min) | 67.6 | (2.9) | 68.5 | (3.5) |
| MNA‡ | n | (%) | n | (%) |
| No malnutrition | 46 | (63.0) | 41 | (51.9) |
| At risk of malnutrition or malnourished | 27 | (37.0) | 38 | (48.1) |
Notes: Numbers may not add up to total because of missing values.
ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists; INR = International Normalized Ratio; MNA = Mini-Nutritional Assessment; SEM = standard error of mean.
†Measured preoperatively.
‡Categories malnutrition and risk of malnutrition combined.