Table 1.
Participant Characteristics
| Baseline Study of Young and Older Adults | Longitudinal Study of Older Adults | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| YM (n = 16) | YW (n = 15) | OM (n = 20) | OW (n = 20) | p Value: Gender | p Value: Age | O Versus Y (%) | Baseline (n = 23) |
Follow-up (n = 23) |
p Value: | Change (%) | |
| Age (years) | 23 ± 4 | 22 ± 2 | 72 ± 5 | 71 ± 4 | 71 ± 4 | 76 ± 4 | |||||
| Height (m) | 1.79 ± 0.06 | 1.67 ± 0.06 | 1.74 ± 0.08 | 1.60 ± 0.07 | <.001 | .001 | −3 | 1.68 ± 0.10 | 1.67 ± 0.10 | .001 | −1 |
| Body mass (kg) | 70.6 ± 8.3 | 61.2 ± 10.7 | 78.9 ± 14.4 | 67.3 ± 12.0 | .008 | .014 | 11 | 73.2 ± 14.8 | 73.4 ± 16.1 | .730 | 0 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.3 ± 2.2 | 21.6 ± 3.6 | 25.9 ± 2.8 | 26.3 ± 4.1 | .625 | <.001 | 19 | 26.0 ± 4.8 | 26.4 ± 4.7 | .126 | 1 |
| Body fat (%) | 16.2 ± 6.6 | 29.6 ± 8.4 | 30.2 ± 7.8 | 39.7 ± 8.3 | <.001 | <.001 | 47 | 32.6 ± 10.4 | 33.5 ± 10.1 | .049 | 3 |
| ALM (kg) | 24.2 ± 1.9 | 15.1 ± 1.9 | 20.9 ± 4.0 | 13.1 ± 2.1 | <.001 | <.001 | −13 | 19.9 ± 5.0 | 19.3 ± 4.7 | <.001 | −3 |
| ALM/h2 (kg/m2) | 7.6 ± 0.6 | 5.4 ± 0.5 | 6.9 ± 0.8 | 5.1 ± 0.7 | <.001 | .005 | −8 | 6.9 ± 1.0 | 6.8 ± 0.8 | .070 | −1 |
| Grip strength (kg) | 48.6 ± 12.1 | 34.3 ± 6.6 | 37.6 ± 7.7 | 25.3 ± 4.5 | <.001 | <.001 | −24 | 32.2 ± 9.0 | 33.1 ± 7.9 | .799 | 3 |
| TUG (s) | 3.9 ± 0.4 | 4.2 ± 0.3 | 5.1 ± 0.8 | 5.6 ± 1.0 | .083 | <.001 | 32 | 5.2 ± 0.7 | 6.6 ± 1.2 | <.001 | 27 |
| 6 min walk (m) | 735 ± 40 | 683 ± 45 | 562 ± 60 | 551 ± 87 | .081 | <.001 | −21 | 563 ± 79 | 507 ± 69 | <.001 | −10 |
Note: Data shown as mean ± SD. ALM = appendicular lean muscle mass; BMI = body mass index; OM = older men; OW = older women; TUG = timed-up-and-go; YM = young men; YW = young women.