Table 1.

Patient Characteristics

	All Patients	Low Quality Hospitals	High Quality Hospitals	p-value (low vs high quality)
Number of patients	38,347	8,285	10,851
Age (mean, years)	55.02	54.33	55.23	<.0001
Male (%)	26.03	25.60	25.59	0.990
White (%)	77.00	73.13	77.67	<.0001
Comorbidities (%)
Hypertension	75.76	75.72	76.79	0.082
Diabetes	46.73	45.87	47.14	0.080
Depression	29.44	27.82	29.55	0.009
Chronic pulmonary disease	26.89	27.64	25.40	0.001
Hypothyroidism	16.49	15.78	15.79	0.983
Liver disease	12.66	15.38	12.94	<.0001
Psychoses	7.14	7.66	6.97	0.067
Deficiency Anemias	6.10	8.11	5.11	<.0001
Renal failure	6.04	7.64	5.09	<.0001
Fluid and electrolyte disorders	5.33	6.13	4.17	<.0001
Congestive heart failure	5.26	5.96	4.89	0.001
Rheumatoid arthritis	3.34	3.46	2.88	0.022
Valvular disease	1.74	1.85	1.62	0.240
Peripheral vascular disease	1.73	1.68	1.73	0.771
Coagulopthy	0.78	0.87	0.79	0.565
Paralysis	0.45	0.58	0.30	0.005
Elixha user #of Comorbidities (%)				0.002
0	3.97	3.67	3.93	0.356
1	15.45	15.02	16.77	<.001
≥2	80.58	81.32	79.30	<.001
Type of Operation				<.0001
Laparoscopic Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass	63.19	65.27	62.35	<.0001
Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy	16.39	14.71	17.84	<.0001
Laparoscopic Adjustable Band Placement	16.16	14.34	16.71	<.0001
Other	4.26	5.67	3.10	<.0001