Table 4.
Percent of subjects with comorbidities, stratified by age at enrollment and by race.
| Total | Patients <11 years of age |
Patients 11– 17 years of age |
Patients ≥18 years of age |
Age comparison |
% among whites |
% among non- whites |
Race comparison |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N Total# |
% Cases |
N Total# |
% Cases |
N Total# |
% Cases |
N Total# |
% Cases |
P-Value* | N Total# |
% Cases |
N Total# |
% Cases |
P-Value | |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | ||||||||||||||
| GERD | 705 | 54.2 | 345 | 55.7 | 189 | 49.7 | 171 | 56.1 | 0.36 | 620 | 55.0 | 85 | 48.2 | 0.25 |
| Barrett’s esophagus | 705 | 0.4 | 345 | 0.0 | 189 | 0.5 | 171 | 1.2 | 0.08 | 620 | 0.5 | 85 | 0.0 | 1.00 |
| Celiac disease | 705 | 2.0 | 345 | 2.3 | 189 | 2.6 | 171 | 0.6 | 0.34 | 620 | 2.1 | 85 | 1.2 | 1.00 |
| Irritable bowel syndrome | 705 | 6.5 | 345 | 3.2 | 189 | 3.7 | 171 | 16.4 | < 0.0001 | 620 | 7.1 | 85 | 2.4 | 0.11 |
| Crohn’s disease | 671 | 0.6 | 319 | 0.0 | 184 | 1.1 | 168 | 1.2 | 0.08 | 592 | 0.7 | 79 | 0.0 | 1.00 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 671 | 1.0 | 319 | 0.3 | 184 | 1.1 | 168 | 2.4 | 0.07 | 592 | 1.0 | 79 | 1.3 | 0.59 |
| Other gastrointestinal disorders* | 671 | 5.4 | 319 | 5.3 | 184 | 3.8 | 168 | 7.1 | 0.39 | 592 | 5.9 | 79 | 1.3 | 0.11 |
| Allergic disorders | ||||||||||||||
| Allergic conjunctivitis | 705 | 31.2 | 345 | 29.3 | 189 | 30.2 | 171 | 36.3 | 0.26 | 620 | 30.2 | 85 | 38.8 | 0.13 |
| Allergic rhinitis | 705 | 60.3 | 345 | 60.9 | 189 | 60.8 | 171 | 58.5 | 0.85 | 620 | 60.3 | 85 | 60.0 | 1.00 |
| Asthma | 705 | 45.4 | 345 | 48.4 | 189 | 49.2 | 171 | 35.1 | 0.007 | 620 | 42.9 | 85 | 63.5 | 0.0004 |
| Atopic dermatitis | 705 | 46.4 | 345 | 61.2 | 189 | 36.0 | 171 | 28.1 | < 0.0001 | 620 | 43.5 | 85 | 67.1 | <0.0001 |
| Urticaria | 705 | 26.2 | 345 | 32.2 | 189 | 22.8 | 171 | 18.1 | 0.001 | 620 | 26.1 | 85 | 27.1 | 0.90 |
| Angioedema | 705 | 13.2 | 345 | 14.8 | 189 | 12.7 | 171 | 10.5 | 0.41 | 620 | 12.6 | 85 | 17.6 | 0.23 |
| Food allergy | 704 | 67.0 | 345 | 75.9 | 188 | 62.8 | 171 | 53.8 | < 0.0001 | 620 | 65.6 | 84 | 77.4 | 0.04 |
| Food anaphylaxis | 695 | 27.1 | 341 | 29.3 | 186 | 32.8 | 168 | 16.1 | 0.0005 | 611 | 26.5 | 84 | 31.0 | 0.43 |
| Drug anaphylaxis | 705 | 10.8 | 345 | 7.5 | 189 | 13.8 | 171 | 14.0 | 0.02 | 620 | 11.3 | 85 | 7.1 | 0.35 |
| Latex allergy | 704 | 6.8 | 345 | 5.5 | 188 | 6.9 | 171 | 9.4 | 0.27 | 619 | 6.1 | 85 | 11.8 | 0.06 |
| Infectious/immunological disorders | ||||||||||||||
| Sinusitis | 705 | 28.5 | 345 | 27.5 | 189 | 29.1 | 171 | 29.8 | 0.84 | 620 | 29.4 | 85 | 22.4 | 0.20 |
| Pneumonia | 705 | 24.5 | 345 | 22.0 | 189 | 27.5 | 171 | 26.3 | 0.29 | 620 | 24.4 | 85 | 25.9 | 0.79 |
| Immunodeficiency | 705 | 2.6 | 345 | 2.3 | 189 | 3.7 | 171 | 1.8 | 0.50 | 620 | 2.9 | 85 | 0.0 | 0.15 |
| Autoimmune disease | 705 | 4.7 | 345 | 3.5 | 189 | 2.6 | 171 | 9.4 | 0.007 | 620 | 5.3 | 85 | 0.0 | 0.02 |
| Neurological/developmental disorders | ||||||||||||||
| Developmental delay | 705 | 11.2 | 345 | 18.0 | 189 | 7.9 | 171 | 1.2 | < 0.0001 | 620 | 10.8 | 85 | 14.1 | 0.36 |
| Prematurity | 705 | 6.8 | 345 | 9.9 | 189 | 3.7 | 171 | 4.1 | 0.008 | 620 | 6.0 | 85 | 12.9 | 0.03 |
| Depression/anxiety | 705 | 15.5 | 345 | 9.3 | 189 | 19.0 | 171 | 24.0 | < 0.0001 | 620 | 16.8 | 85 | 5.9 | 0.006 |
| Autism/behavioral disorder | 705 | 6.2 | 345 | 7.8 | 189 | 8.5 | 171 | 0.6 | 0.0003 | 620 | 6.3 | 85 | 5.9 | 1.00 |
| Mitochondrial disorder | 705 | 0.4 | 345 | 0.3 | 189 | 1.1 | 171 | 0.0 | 0.32 | 620 | 0.5 | 85 | 0.0 | 1.00 |
| Other systemic problems | ||||||||||||||
| Failure to thrive | 705 | 21.3 | 345 | 31.9 | 189 | 18.0 | 171 | 3.5 | < 0.0001 | 620 | 20.3 | 85 | 28.2 | 0.12 |
| Surgical history | ||||||||||||||
| Tympanostomy tube placement | 705 | 19.6 | 345 | 24.3 | 189 | 20.1 | 171 | 9.4 | 0.0001 | 620 | 19.5 | 85 | 20.0 | 0.88 |
| Sinus surgery | 705 | 3.4 | 345 | 3.8 | 189 | 3.2 | 171 | 2.9 | 0.89 | 620 | 3.5 | 85 | 2.4 | 0.76 |
| Fundoplication | 705 | 0.7 | 345 | 0.9 | 189 | 0.5 | 171 | 0.6 | 1.00 | 620 | 0.8 | 85 | 0.0 | 1.00 |
| Gastrostomy tube placement | 705 | 5.8 | 345 | 7.8 | 189 | 6.3 | 171 | 1.2 | 0.003 | 620 | 5.3 | 85 | 9.4 | 0.14 |
#
Number of subjects with data available.
*
The most frequent self-reported gastrointestinal disorders included: Constipation (n=6), gastritis (n=3), ulcer (n=4), gluten intolerance/possible gluten intolerance (n=2), Hirschprung’s disease (n=2), and small intestine bacterial overgrowth (n=2).
*
P-value is the result of comparison of all 3 age groups.