Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the intention-to-treat population
| Placebo N=891 | Co-trimoxazole N=887 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (months) | 10·8 (6·9–16·7) | 11·2 (7·2–16·7) | |
| Younger than 6 months | 158 (18%) | 148 (17%) | |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 428 (48%) | 447 (50%) | |
| Male | 463 (52%) | 440 (50%) | |
| Mother is primary caretaker | 838 (94%) | 823 (93%) | |
| Caretaker completed primary education (n/total N)* | 359/573 (63%) | 347/577 (60%) | |
| Currently breastfeeding | 551 (62%) | 541 (61%) | |
| Received pneumococal conjugate vaccine† | 524 (59%) | 504 (57%) | |
| Urban site | 680 (76%) | 676 (76%) | |
| Nutritional oedema | 149 (17%) | 151 (17%) | |
| MUAC (cm) | 10·6 (1·09) | 10·6 (1·05) | |
| MUAC-for-age Z score ‡ | −3·83 (1·05) | −3·81 (0·99) | |
| Weight-for-length Z score§ | −3·35 (1·26) | −3·32 (1·27) | |
| Weight-for-age Z score§ | −4·01 (1·12) | −3·96 (1·09) | |
| Length-for-age Z score | −2·91 (1·67) | −2·82 (1·64) | |
| Head circumference-for-age Z score* | −1·82 (1·47) | −1·73 (1·40) | |
| Haemoglobin (g/L) | 98·0 (21·4) | 98·0 (22·4) | |
| Clinical signs of rickets | 129 (14%) | 118 (13%) | |
| Ocular signs of vitamin A deficiency | 3 (<1%) | 1 (<1%) | |
| Cerebral palsy | 34 (4%) | 32 (4%) | |
| Known tuberculosis at enrolment | 31 (3%) | 36 (4%) | |
| Index admission for pneumonia | 484 (54%) | 474 (53%) | |
| Index admission for diarrhoea | 506 (57%) | 515 (58%) | |
| Treated for shock before enrolment | 84 (9%) | 100 (11%) | |
| Impaired consciousness before enrolment | 57 (6%) | 56 (6%) | |
| Days from admission to enrolment | 6 (4–8) | 6 (4–8) | |
Data are median (IQR), n (%), or mean (SD). MUAC=mid-upper-arm circumference.
*
Data obtained from April, 2011.
†
Received at least one dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine at enrolment.
‡
Excludes infants younger than 3 months, because no WHO (2006) reference exists for younger than this age.
§
Excludes children with kwashiorkor (oedematous malnutrition).