Table 4.
Beta-coefficientsa (standard error) of continuous and percent changes in PA by sleep conditions at baseline
| Sleep condition (exposure) | Continuous change in PA (MET-minutes/ week) | Percent change in PA (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Beta-coefficient (standard error) | Beta-coefficient (standard error) | |
| Total | ||
| TST (hours) | ||
| ≥6 | Reference | Reference |
| <6 | −0.6 (2.5) | 27.0 (63.1) |
| SOL (minutes) | ||
| ≤10 | Reference | Reference |
| >10 | −2.4 (2.5) | −34.3 (63.9) |
| WASO (minutes) | ||
| ≤60 | Reference | Reference |
| >60 | −2.8 (2.5) | 46.8 (63.3) |
| Sleep efficiency (%) | ||
| ≥80 | Reference | Reference |
| <80 | −1.2 (2.6) | 52.6 (65.5) |
| TST in N1 sleep (%) | ||
| ≥10 | Reference | Reference |
| <10 | 2.5 (2.5) | 3.3 (62.4) |
| TST in N2 sleep (%) | ||
| ≥65 | Reference | Reference |
| <65 | 1.6 (2.5) | 6.6 (64.0) |
| TST in N3 sleep (%) | ||
| ≥10 | Reference | Reference |
| <10 | −6.1 (2.6)* | −48.0 (66.0) |
| TST in REM (%) | ||
| ≥15 | Reference | Reference |
| <15 | 0.9 (2.5) | 4.4 (63.6) |
N1, N2, N3: sleep stages.
aBeta-coefficients obtained with mixed-effect models adjusted by age (years), sex (male vs. female), educational level (through high school vs. some college), marital status (married vs. not married), current smoker (no vs. yes), alcohol intake (drinks/week), follow-up time (years), difference in time between PA and sleep information (years) at baseline, baseline BMI (kg/m2), change in BMI over the follow-up (kg/m2), self-rated health (excellent or very good vs. good, fair or poor), depression (no depression symptoms vs. depression symptoms or current use of antidepressants), baseline apnea-hypopnea index and continuous positive airway pressure use at baseline PSG.
*p < 0.05.