Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of the study population according to surgical access

	Open (n = 2283)		Laparoscopic (n = 386)		Chi-square
	n	%	n	%	p Value
Gender
Male	1263	55.3	221	57.3	0.480
Female	1020	44.7	165	42.7
Age
≤ 64	561	24.6	153	39.6	< 0.001
65–77	1030	45.1	164	42.5
≥ 78	692	30.3	69	17.9
Previous carcinomas
No	2169	95.0	377	97.7	0.021
Yes	114	5.0	9	2.3
Synchronous carcinomas
No	2223	97.4	380	98.4	0.209
Yes	60	2.6	6	1.6
Grading
G1/2	1806	79.1	324	83.9	0.029
G3/4	477	20.9	62	16.1
UICC stage
I	546	23.9	152	39.4	< 0.001
II	973	42.6	120	31.1
III	764	33.5	114	29.5
T-stage
T1-3	1933	84.7	359	93.0	< 0.001
T4	350	15.3	27	7.0
N-stage
N0	1519	66.5	272	70.5	0.128
N1/2	764	33.5	114	29.5
Harvested lymph nodes
≥ 12 LN	2105	92.2	343	88.9	0.028
< 12 LN	178	7.8	43	11.1
Hospital classification
Colorectal cancer center	1808	79.2	280	72.5	< 0.001
Other hospitals	475	20.8	106	27.5
Resection group
Right-sided resection	1222	53.5	85	22.0	< 0.001
Left-sided resection	778	34.1	280	72.5
Extended resection	213	9.3	19	4.9
Transversum resection	70	3.1	2	0.5
Postoperative therapy
No adjuvant therapy according to guidelines	1292	56.6	248	64.2	0.002
Adjuvant therapy	565	24.7	95	24.6
No adjuvant therapy in contradiction to guidelines	392	17.2	41	10.6
No adjuvant therapy due to perioperative death	34	1.5	2	0.5