Fig. 2.

Establishment of small intestinal organoids from CD patients. a Enteroscopic view of the representative mucosa subjected to biopsy sampling: Control, patient #1; CD remission, patient #5; CD active, patient #7. b The efficient growth of small intestinal organoids in standard culture medium (WENR medium) can be seen. Data show representative phase-contrast views of patient-derived small intestinal organoids at passage 3: Control, patient #1 (non-IBD control, NI-SIO #1); CD remission, patient #4 (CD remission, rCD-SIO #4); CD active, patient #7 (CD active, aCD-SIO#7). c Immunostaining of SIOs at passage 3: Control, patient #2 (NI-SIO #2); CD remission, patient #4 (rCD-SIO #4); CD active, patient #7 (aCD-SIO #7). Immunostaining for OLFM4, SLC12A2 or E-cadherin (green) is shown. Positive signals in the organoid lumens may represent secreted forms OLFM4