Table 2.

Eye-tracking results for gazing at the eyes

Total fixation duration	N	Degrees of freedom	Chi square	Significance	Contrasts post hoc test
Anger	774	2	511.5	p = 0.003	TD > ODD/CD**
Fear	835	2	15.1	p < 0.01	TD > ODD/CD**
Sad	816	2	0.6	p = 0.74	ns
Happy	835	2	15.2	p = 0.001
Neutral	2866	2	31.2	p < 0.001	TD > ASD*** TD > ODD/CD***
Time to first fixation
Fear	248	2	6.11	p = 0.047	TD > ASD = ODD/CD*
Anger	222	2	4.04	p = 0.1	ns
Sad	234	2	2.47	p = 0.5	ns
Happy	264	2	5.79	p = 0.055	ns
Neutral	116	2	3.25	p = 0.19	ns

TD typically developing individuals, ASD autism spectrum disorder, ODD oppositional defiant disorder, CD conduct disorder

ns not significant, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001