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Working principle of the expiratory ventilation assistance. (a) Expiration is created by jet entrainment. The gas flows via the inlet (1) through a very narrow nozzle (2) and exhaust pipe (3) to the outside. This flow entrains gas from port (4), which is connected to the endotracheal tube, inducing active expiration. (b) Closing the exhaust pipe (3) results in inspiration through port (4).
