Table 1. Characteristics of MACS participants by HIV status at index visit.
| HIV Negative | HIV Positive | All Participants | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 1445) | (n = 1715) | (n = 3160) | |
| Follow-up, median (IQR), y | 11.5 (3.0–12.5) | 12.5 (8.5–12.5) | 12.0 (5.0–12.5) |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 49 (41–56) | 45 (38–51) | 46 (39–53) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 991 (68.6%) | 904 (52.7%) | 1895 (60.0%) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 303 (21.0%) | 511 (29.8%) | 814 (25.8%) |
| Other | 151 (10.5%) | 300 (17.5%) | 451 (14.3%) |
| Enrollment period, n (%) | |||
| Early recruitment (1987–1991) | 921 (63.7%) | 743 (43.3%) | 1715 (54.3%) |
| Late recruitment (2001–2003) | 524 (36.3%) | 972 (56.7%) | 1445 (45.7%) |
| Prevalence of comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 293 (20.3%) | 269 (15.7%) | 562 (17.8%) |
| Diabetes | 65 (4.5%) | 89 (5.2%) | 154 (4.9%) |
| Dyslipidemia | 474 (32.8%) | 473 (27.6%) | 947 (30.0%) |
| Liver disease | 2 (0.1%) | 18 (1.0%) | 20 (0.1%) |
| Kidney disease | 23 (1.6%) | 49 (2.9%) | 72 (2.3%) |
| Medication insurance coverage, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 1112 (77.0%) | 1475 (86.0%) | 2587 (81.7%) |
| No | 288 (19.9%) | 193 (11.3%) | 481 (15.2%) |
| Missing | 45 (3.1%) | 47 (2.7%) | 92 (2.9%) |
| No. of health Care visits, median (IQR) | 1 (0–3) | 3 (1–6) | 2 (1–5) |
| HIV therapy type, n (%) | |||
| None | - | 493 (28.8%) | 493 (28.8%) |
| Monotherapy | - | 7 (0.4%) | 7 (0.4%) |
| Combination therapy | - | 110 (6.4%) | 110 (6.4%) |
| HAART | - | 1073 (62.6%) | 1073 (62.6%) |
| Missing | - | 32 (1.9%) | 32 (1.9%) |
| HIV viral load, n (%) | |||
| Detectable | - | 709 (41.3%) | 709 (41.3%) |
| Undetectable | - | 734 (42.8%) | 734 (42.8%) |
| Missing | - | 272 (18.9%) | 272 (18.9%) |
| ART adherence, n (%) | |||
| 100% | - | 436 (25.4%) | 436 (25.4%) |
| 95%-99% | - | 633 (36.9%) | 633 (36.9%) |
| 75%-94% | - | 112 (6.5%) | 112 (6.5%) |
| <75% | - | 31 (1.8%) | 31 (1.8%) |
| Missing | - | 503 (29.3%) | 503 (29.3%) |
| CD4+ count (cells/mm3), n (%) | |||
| < 500 | - | 678 (39.5%) | 678 (39.5%) |
| ≥ 500 | - | 821 (47.9%) | 821 (47.9%) |
| Missing | - | 216 (12.6%) | 216 (12.6%) |
| No. of ART medications, median (IQR) | 3 (0–3) | 3 (0–3) | |
| No. of non-HIV medications, median (IQR) | 1 (1–3) | 3 (2–4) | 2 (1–4) |
| Prevalence of selected medication types, n (%) | |||
| Antidepressants | 277 (19.2%) | 451 (26.3%) | 728 (23.0%) |
| Cholesterol-lowering | 198 (13.7%) | 318 (18.5%) | 516 (16.3%) |
| Steroids | 57 (3.9%) | 241 (14.1%) | 298 (17.4%) |
| Antihypertensive | 249 (17.2%) | 276 (16.1%) | 525 (16.6%) |
| Polypharmacy, n (%) | |||
| ≥5 Non-HIV medications | 168 (11.6%) | 419 (24.4%) | 587 (18.6%) |
| <5 Non-HIV medications | 1277 (88.4%) | 1296 (75.6%) | 2573 (81.4%) |
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; IQR, interquartile range.