Fig. 3.

Branching of the posterior nasal artery. Endoscopic view of the sphenoidal bifurcation of the sphenopalatine artery and posterior septal artery in an anatomical dissection (right side). The posterior septal artery bifurcation can be lateral (seen in A) or medial (seen in B) to the sphenoid ostium. Black arrow: Sphenopalatine artery bifurcation; black arrowhead: posterior septal artery bifurcation.. (Reprinted with permission from Zhang et al, 2015 ³⁴ ). C, choana; MT, middle turbinate; S, septum; SO, sphenoid ostium; ST, superior turbinate.