Myristate (Myr) -induced ER stress induces IL-6 expression in IEC6. IEC6 cells were treated with 5 μg/ml tunicamycin (TM) at indicated times (A); treated with 0.6 mM Myr or vehicle (Veh) for indicated times (B); treated with indicated concentrations of MYR for 16 h (C); transfected with 10 nM AllStar negative control siRNA (D) or IRE1α siRNA (E), or pretreated 100 nM myriocin or 50 mM FB1 for 1 h (F), then treated with 0.6 mM Myr or Veh for 16 h. mRNA expression levels of IL-6 were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to β-actin (A–C, E, F). D) XBP1s was analyzed using RT-PCR and PstI digestion (left panel) and quantified as OD ratio using ImageJ (right panel). Data represent means ± sem, n ≥ 3. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 compared with Veh; ####P < 0.0001 compared with AllStar/DMSO Myr treatment.