Table 3.
Tumor Characteristics, Pathologic Staging, and Long-term Outcomes
| Tumor Characteristic | Entire Cohort (n=61) | Hepatocellular Carcinoma (n=34) | Cholangiocarcinoma (n=16) | Gallbladder Cancer (n=11) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Largest tumor diameter in cm, median, (range) | 3.4 (0.3-16) | 4.1 (0.7-16) | 4.1 (1.8-12) | 1.0 (0.3-2.5) |
| Histology of primary hepatic malignancy, n, (%) | ||||
| Well differentiated | 13 (21.3) | 10 (29.4) | 2 (12.5) | 1 (14.3) |
| Moderately differentiated | 30 (49.2) | 16 (47.1) | 10 (62.5) | 4 (57.1) |
| Poorly differentiated | 14 (23.0) | 8 (23.5) | 4 (25.0) | 2 (28.6) |
| Unknown | 4 (6.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (36.3) |
| Tumor burden, n, (%) | ||||
| Single segment | 17 (27.9) | 13 (38.2) | 4 (25) | 0 (0.0) |
| 2 segments | 29 (47.5) | 12 (35.3) | 6 (37.5) | 11 (100) |
| 3 segments | 12 (19.7) | 7 (20.6) | 5 (31.3) | 0 (0.0) |
| 4 segments | 3 (4.9) | 2 (5.9) | 1 (6.3) | 0 (0.0) |
| Tumor anatomical location, n, (%) | ||||
| Left lateral segments | 22 (36.1) | 15 (44.1) | 7 (43.8) | 0 (0.0) |
| Caudate lobe | 2 (3.3) | 2 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Right anterior segments | 5 (8.2) | 3 (8.8) | 2 (12.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| Right posterior segments | 4 (6.6) | 4 (11.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Multicentric | 28 (45.9) | 10 (29.4) | 7 (43.8) | 11 (100) |
| Pathologic Stage, n, (%) | ||||
| 1 | 28 (45.9) | 15 (44.1) | 8 (50.0) | 5 (45.5) |
| 2 | 21 (34.4) | 14 (41.2) | 4 (25.0) | 3 (27.3) |
| 3 | 7 (11.4) | 5 (14.7)) | 1 (6.3) | 3 (27.3) |
| 4 | 5 (8.2) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (18.8) | 0 (0.0) |
| Number of lymph nodes identified in the specimen, median, (range) | 2 (0-6) | 2.5 (0-13) | 5 (0-9) | |
| Vascular invasion, n, (%) | 30 (49.2) | 17 (50.0) | 9 (56.3) | 4 (36.4) |
| Perineural invasion, n, (%) | 13 (22.8) | 1 (3.2) | 7 (46.7) | 5 (38.5) |
| Number of metastatic lymph nodes, median (range) | 0 (0-0) | 1 (0-3) | 1 (0-1) | |
| R0 resection , n, (%) | 52 (85.2) | 32 (94) | 11 (68.8) | 9 (81.8) |
| R1 resection, n, (%) | 9 (14.8) | 2 (5.9) | 5 (31.3) | 2 (18.2) |
| Recurrent Disease | 23 (37.7) | 15 (44.1) | 5 (31.2) | 3 (27.2) |
| Liver | 13 (21.3) | 10 (29.4) | 3 (18.8) | 0 (0.0) |
| Multiple Organs | 7 (11.4) | 2 (5.9) | 2 (12.5) | 3 (27.3) |
| Other* | 3 (4.9) | 3 (8.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Management of Recurrent Disease | ||||
| Liver resection | 3 (4.9) | 1 (2.9) | 1 (6.3) | 1 (9.1) |
| Systemic chemotherapy | 9 (14.8) | 5 (14.7) | 2 (12.5) | 2 (18.2) |
| Ablation or radiation therapy | 2 (3.3) | 2 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Liver Directed Therapy (TACE / Yttrium 90) | 6 (9.8) | 6 (17.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| No therapy | 3 (4.9) | 1 (2.9) | 2 (12.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| Other* | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Adjuvant Therapy | 12 (19.7) | 5 (14.7) | 4 (25) | 3 (27.3) |
| Systemic chemotherapy | 8 (13.7) | 2 (5.9) | 4 (25) | 2 (18.2) |
| Radiotherapy | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (9.1) |
| Liver Directed Therapy (TACE / Yttrium 90) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Liver transplantation | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Legend: *Other areas of recurrent disease includes: resection bed, mesenteric nodules.
*
Other management of recurrent disease includes: Ethanol embolization, sorafenib.