. 2018 Aug 11;55(10):4232–4243. doi: 10.1007/s13197-018-3360-2

Table 5.

Amino acids (g/100 g of milk) in the milk of Sahiwal, Holstein–Friesian and crossbred cows maintained in intensive and indigenous cattle under extensive system of management

Amino acid	Sahiwal		Holstein–Friesian		Crossbred		Indigenous cattle		Level of significance
Amino acid	Mean	SE	Mean	SE	Mean	SE	Mean	SE	Level of significance
Histidine	0.060^a	0.003	0.072^b	0.004	0.066^ab	0.002	0.065^ab	0.002	*
Serine	0.120^a	0.005	0.095^b	0.007	0.110^ab	0.005	0.165^c	0.004	***
Arginine	0.094	0.003	0.088	0.007	0.099	0.009	0.087	0.004	NS
Glycine	0.104^a	0.007	0.086^b	0.006	0.085^b	0.007	0.124^c	0.005	***
Aspartic acid	0.296^ab	0.022	0.256^a	0.019	0.262^a	0.016	0.329^b	0.012	*
Glutamic acid	0.713^a	0.024	0.659^ab	0.024	0.648^b	0.018	0.788^c	0.014	***
Threonine	0.138^a	0.002	0.143^a	0.003	0.141^a	0.004	0.159^b	0.006	**
Alanine	0.098	0.002	0.096	0.003	0.100	0.004	0.093	0.006	NS
Proline	0.342^a	0.011	0.340^a	0.005	0.339^a	0.006	0.396^b	0.023	*
Cysteine	0.004^a	0.000	0.003^a	0.000	0.003^a	0.000	0.006^b	0.001	***
Lysine	0.231^a	0.007	0.207^b	0.005	0.221^ab	0.004	0.252^c	0.005	***
Tyrosine	0.151^a	0.004	0.135^b	0.002	0.144^ab	0.002	0.170^c	0.005	***
Methionine	0.060^a	0.003	0.053^a	0.003	0.061^a	0.004	0.074^b	0.002	***
Valine	0.171^a	0.004	0.181^ab	0.004	0.187^b	0.006	0.213^c	0.004	***
Isoleucine	0.159^a	0.005	0.151^a	0.004	0.162^a	0.004	0.208^b	0.007	***
Leucine	0.266^a	0.010	0.264^a	0.005	0.272^a	0.006	0.316^b	0.013	**
Phenylalanine	0.148^a	0.003	0.139^a	0.003	0.140^a	0.004	0.169^b	0.004	***
Essential Amino acids	1.233^a	0.016	1.210^a	0.014	1.250^a	0.019	1.456^b	0.017	***
Total amino acids	3.167^a	0.079	2.968^b	0.050	3.039^ab	0.033	3.614^c	0.057	***

Each value represents the mean of observations on ten animals. Essential amino acids are in bold

NS non significant

Mean with different superscript(s) in a row differs significantly

*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001