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. 2018 Sep 5;12:198. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00198

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Copyright © 2018 Neal, Kent, Bardi and Lambert.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The behavioral tasks revealed higher sniffing bouts in the ISO animals than the other groups (A; p = 0.006); further the SE animals had lower escape frequencies than the other groups (p = 0.003; B) and higher frequencies of digging bouts (p = 0.001; C). Focusing on the problem-solving digging task, the SE animals had a lower latency to cross the barrier than the SC group (p = 008; D). *Indicates significant difference from other groups in (A–C); *indicates significantly different from SC group in (D).