Table 1.
Preoperative characteristics.
| Variable | Oral TXA Group (N = 60) | IV TXA Group (N = 60) | IA TXA Group (N = 60) | P value¶ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age† (yr) | 63.91 ± 13.07 | 66.90 ± 9.48 | 63.20 ± 11.75 | 0.19 |
| Male sex‡ (no. [%]) | 18 (30%) | 15 (25%) | 16 (27%) | 0.82 |
| Height† (cm) | 1.58 ± 0.69 | 1.57 ± 0.67 | 1.57 ± 0.57 | 0.61 |
| Weight† (kg) | 63.21 ± 11.17 | 61.87 ± 9.34 | 63.05 ± 9.75 | 0.73 |
| BMI† (kg/m2) | 25.27 ± 4.17 | 25.04 ± 3.41 | 25.53 ± 3.81 | 0.77 |
| Operated side, left/right‡ (no. [%]) | 39 (65%) | 34 (57%) | 37 (62%) | 0.64 |
| ASA classification‡ (no. of patients) | ||||
| I | 7 (12%) | 8 (13%) | 7 (12%) | 0.97 |
| II | 39 (65%) | 40 (67%) | 41 (68%) | |
| III | 14 (23%) | 12 (20%) | 11 (18%) | |
| IV | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Caprini score† (point) | 8.2 ± 0.95 | 8.33 ± 1.09 | 8.46 ± 1.19 | 0.41 |
| Preop. values (blood routine) | ||||
| Hemoglobin† (g/dL) | 13.40 ± 1.40 | 13.35 ± 1.17 | 13.37 ± 1.23 | 0.98 |
| Hematocrit† (L/L) | 0.41 ± 0.04 | 0.41 ± 0.03 | 0.40 ± 0.03 | 0.09 |
| Platelet count† (×109/L) | 185.28 ± 54.68 | 184.70 ± 51.38 | 188.91 ± 57.34 | 0.91 |
| Red blood cell count† (×1012/L) | 4.48 ± 0.46 | 4.41 ± 0.40 | 4.52 ± 0.45 | 0.38 |
| Preop. values (blood coagulation) | ||||
| Prothrombin time† (s) | 11.39 ± 0.65 | 11.29 ± 0.92 | 11.57 ± 0.84 | 0.17 |
| INR† | 0.98 ± 0.53 | 1.06 ± 0.47 | 1.01 ± 0.22 | 0.39 |
| APTT† (s) | 27.24 ± 3.68 | 27.92 ± 2.86 | 28.24 ± 3.81 | 0.28 |
| Fibrinogen† (g/L) | 2.97 ± 0.95 | 2.78 ± 0.92 | 2.57 ± 0.79 | 0.06 |
| D-Dimer† (mg/L) | 0.91 ± 1.17 | 1.07 ± 1.32 | 0.86 ± 0.87 | 0.54 |
| FDP† (mg/L) | 2.72 ± 2.25 | 3.07 ± 3.37 | 2.55 ± 2.19 | 0.55 |
| Preop. knee function | ||||
| ROM† | 93.10 ± 17.41 | 92.48 ± 15.54 | 94.12 ± 16.88 | 0.86 |
| KSS† | 47.38 ± 9.81 | 46.32 ± 11.80 | 47.05 ± 10.02 | 0.85 |
ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists, INR = international normalized ratio, APTT = activated partial thromboplastin time, FDP = fibrinogen degradation product, ROM = range of motion, and KSS = knee society score. †The values are presented as the mean and the standard deviation. ‡The values are given as the number of patient and the percentage of the group. ¶The p value represents the result of one-way analysis of variance for independent means for continuous variables or the chi-square test for independent proportions that included the three groups.