Table 1.
A comparison of the most feature-rich, research-grade, passive mobile sensing appsa.
| Feature | EARSb | AWARE [30] | EmotionSense [31] | Purple Robot [32] | Beiwe [33] | Funf [34] | RADAR-CNSc [35] | StudentLife [36] |
| Geolocation | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Accelerometer | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Bluetooth colocation |
|
✔ | ✔d | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Ambient light | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
|
|
✔ | ✔ |
| Ambient noise |
|
✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
|
|
|
✔ |
| Charging time | ✔ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Screen-on time | ✔ |
|
✔ |
|
✔ | ✔ |
|
|
| App use | ✔ | ✔ | ✔d | ✔d |
|
✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Screen touch events |
|
|
|
|
✔ |
|
|
|
| SMSe frequency | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
|
| SMS transcripts | ✔ |
|
|
✔ |
|
|
|
|
| Call frequency | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Browser history |
|
|
|
|
|
✔ |
|
|
| In-call acoustic voice sample | ✔ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| All typed text | ✔ | ✔ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Facial expressions | ✔ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Music choice | ✔ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Barometer |
|
✔ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Wearables | ✔ |
|
|
|
|
|
✔ |
|
| Video diaryf | ✔ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Audio diaryf |
|
|
|
|
✔ |
|
|
|
| Ecological momentary assessmentf | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
|
✔ | ✔ |
|
✔ |
| Count | 16 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 |
aEARS, AWARE, EmotionSense, Purple Robot, Beiwe, Funf, and RADAR-CNS are open source.
bEARS: Effortless Assessment of Risk States.
cRADAR-CNS: Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse – Central Nervous System.
dAvailability of the feature is limited to Android versions Kit-Kat 4.4 and below.
eSMS: short message service.
fFeature is not passive (ie, requires active engagement from the user).