Table 1.
Preindex Period Characteristics Following Propensity Score Matching for Health Care Costs and Utilization.
| Variable | rtCGM | Non-rtCGM | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Na | 1023 | 1023 | |
| Female, n (%) | 402 (39.3) | 410 (40.1) | .7177 |
| Age, mean | 40.7 | 40.7 | 1.0000 |
| Region | .7483 | ||
| Northeast, n (%) | 214 (20.9) | 221 (21.6) | |
| West, n (%) | 133 (13.0) | 126 (12.3) | |
| Midwest, n (%) | 435 (42.5) | 418 (40.9) | |
| South, n (%) | 241 (23.6) | 258 (25.2) | |
| CCI, mean | 1.59 | 1.56 | .5751 |
| Long-term complications | .9517 | ||
| None, n (%) | 523 (51.1) | 520 (50.8) | |
| Microvascular only, n (%) | 27 (2.6) | 31 (3.0) | |
| Macrovascular only, n (%) | 187 (18.3) | 183 (17.9) | |
| Microvascular and macrovascular, n (%) | 286 (28.0) | 289 (28.3) | |
| Index year, n (%) | .4549 | ||
| 2008 | 12 (1.2) | 13 (1.3) | |
| 2009 | 15 (1.5) | 16 (1.6) | |
| 2010 | 29 (2.8) | 27 (2.6) | |
| 2011 | 28 (2.8) | 37 (3.6) | |
| 2012 | 76 (7.4) | 64 (6.3) | |
| 2013 | 93 (9.1) | 89 (8.7) | |
| 2014 | 99 (9.7) | 81 (7.9) | |
| 2015 | 655 (64.0) | 688 (67.3) | |
| 2016 | 16 (1.6) | 8 (0.8) | |
| Had hospitalization, n (%) | 49 (4.8) | 46 (4.5) | .7526 |
| Total costs, mean | $19 983 | $18 123 | .1248 |
T-test was used for continuous variables; chi-square test was used for categorical variables.
a
4 patients were excluded as outliers, based on ≥99th percentile total costs during the pre- or postindex period.