Table 2. Baseline Urinary Isolates and Their Susceptibilities by Treatment Allocation.
| No. (%) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nitrofurantoin (n = 255) |
Fosfomycin (n = 258) |
|
| Baseline cultures obtained | 243 (95) | 244 (95) |
| Positive culturesa | 194 (80) | 183 (75) |
| Escherichia colib | 111 (57) | 119 (65) |
| Nitrofurantoin resistant | 2 (1) | 4 (3) |
| Fosfomycin resistant | 0 (0) | 1 (1) |
| Co-trimoxazole resistant | 26 (23) | 25 (21) |
| Fluoroquinolone resistant | 13 (12) | 14 (12) |
| Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase | 7 (6) | 2 (1) |
| Klebsiella sppb | 20 (10) | 7 (4) |
| Nitrofurantoin resistant | 3 (15) | 0 (0) |
| Fosfomycin resistant | 2 (10) | 0 (0) |
| Co-trimoxazole resistant | 4 (20) | 2 (29) |
| Fluoroquinolone resistant | 1 (5) | 1 (14) |
| Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase | 2 (10) | 1 (14) |
| Proteus sppb | 7 (4) | 10 (5) |
| Nitrofurantoin resistant | 6 (86) | 9 (90) |
| Fosfomycin resistant | 0 (0) | 2 (20) |
| Co-trimoxazole resistant | 3 (42) | 2 (20) |
| Fluoroquinolone resistant | 2 (29) | 0 (0) |
| Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Enterococcus sppb | 13 (7) | 14 (7) |
| Group B Streptococcusb | 7 (4) | 6 (3) |
| Enterobacter sppb | 5 (3) | 4 (2) |
| Mixed florab | 51 (26) | 40 (21) |
| Otherb,c | 10 (5) | 7 (4) |
a
Positive culture was defined as the growth of 103 colony-forming units/mL or more of at least 1 uropathogen; laboratory reporting of culture growth is described in detail in the eAppendix in Supplement 3. All patients were symptomatic at baseline, thus those with a positive culture had confirmed urinary tract infection. Patients with mixed flora at baseline could not be analyzed for microbiologic outcomes.
b
Some cultures had polymicrobial growth.
c
Citrobacter koseri, Morganella spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Streptococcus anginosus.