Fig 1.

Structure of AMPK subunits. AMPK is a heterotrimeric complex of α, β, and γ subunits. The main functions of α, β, and γ subunits are catalysis, regulation, and conjunction, respectively. The α subunit is composed of a kinase domain, an auto-inhibitor domain (AID), and a α-subunit carboxy-terminal domain (α-CTD). The β subunit consists of β-CTD and CBM and functions as the 'bridge' between the α and γ subunits via β-CTD. The γ subunit has an N-terminal domain (NTD) and four tandem repeats of cystathionine β synthase (CBS) to form Bateman domains.