Table 4.
| Characteristic | Current smokers vs nonsmokers (ref = nonsmokers) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unmatched cohort |
Propensity-matched cohort (stabilized IPTW) |
|||||
| Current smokers (N=3414) | Nonsmokers (N=8137) | P value | Current smokers (N=3420) | Nonsmokers (N=8133) | P value | |
| Age ≥50 y | 2988 (87.5) | 7508 (92.3) | <.001 | 3108 (90.9) | 7391 (90.9) | 1.00 |
| Age (y), median | 63.0 | 67.0 | 63.0 | 67.0 | ||
| Body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 | 1992 (58.4) | 5518 (67.8) | <.001 | 2234 (65.3) | 5299 (65.2) | .85 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 31.8±6.6 | 33.3±6.5 | 32.6±6.6 | 33.0±6.6 | ||
| Follow up time (y), mean ± SD | 5.8±3.0 | 6.6±3.3 | 5.9±3.0 | 6.5±3.3 | ||
| Hypertension | 775 (22.7) | 1549 (19.0) | <.001 | 696 (20.3) | 1639 (20.2) | .82 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 920 (27.0) | 2773 (34.1) | <.001 | 1105 (32.3) | 2604 (32.0) | .76 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 94 (2.8) | 83 (1.0) | <.001 | 53 (1.6) | 124 (1.5) | .91 |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 63 (1.9) | 153 (1.9) | .90 | 68 (2.0) | 155 (1.9) | .78 |
| Congestive heart failure | 63 (1.9) | 166 (2.0) | .49 | 72 (2.1) | 162 (2.0) | .69 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 58 (0.7) | 52 (1.5) | <.001 | 32 (0.9) | 75 (0.9) | .96 |
| Coronary artery disease | 213 (6.2) | 469 (5.8) | .32 | 206 (6.0) | 484 (6.0) | .87 |
| Depression | 514 (15.1) | 632 (7.8) | <.001 | 336 (9.8) | 801 (9.9) | .98 |
| LDL >100 mg/dL | 1830 (53.6) | 4177 (51.3) | .03 | 1781 (52.1) | 4232 (52.0) | .96 |
| Concomitant therapy with | ||||||
| Antiplatelet agents (ASA) | 1104 (32.3) | 2594 (31.9) | .63 | 1104 (32.3) | 2608 (32.1) | .83 |
| β-Blockers | 1337 (39.2) | 3354 (41.2) | .04 | 1390 (40.7) | 3303 (40,6) | .97 |
| Statins | 1998 (58.5) | 5141 (63.2) | <.001 | 2121 (62.0) | 5031 (61.9) | .88 |
| All-cause mortality |
Myocardial infarction |
Stroke |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | P | |
| Univariate N=3414 vs 8137 |
1.308 | 1.164-1.469 | <.001 | 1.639 | 1.187-2.261 | .003 | 1.573 | 0.804-3.080 | .19 |
| Propensity-matched (stabilized IPTW) N=3420 vs 8133 |
1.242 | 1.104-1.396 | <.001 | 1.706 | 1.242-2.342 | .001 | 1.590 | 1.013-2.495 | .04 |
a
ASA = aspirin; HR = hazard ratio; IPTW = inverse probability of treatment weights; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; ref = reference.
b
Values represent n (%) unless otherwise indicated.