Table 2.
Summary of characteristics of stigma-based bullying interventions, N=22
| n | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Stigma | ||
| LGBTQ | 10 | 47.6 |
| Disability | 6 | 28.6 |
| Female sex/gender | 3 | 14.3 |
| Race/Ethnicity | 2 | 9.5 |
| Obesity | 1 | 4.8 |
| Country | ||
| United States | 11 | 52.4 |
| United Kingdom | 3 | 14.3 |
| Australia | 2 | 9.5 |
| Canada | 2 | 9.5 |
| New Zealand | 1 | 4.8 |
| Spain | 1 | 4.8 |
| Zimbabwe | 1 | 4.8 |
| Theory | ||
| Theory described | 12 | 57.1 |
| None noted | 9 | 42.9 |
| Program Type | ||
| Universal preventive | 15 | 71.3 |
| Selective preventive | 3 | 14.3 |
| Indicated preventive | 3 | 14.3 |
| Targeted Population | ||
| Whole school: 10 and younger | 2 | 9.5 |
| Whole school: 11 and older | 2 | 9.5 |
| Students/youth: 10 and younger | 3 | 14.3 |
| Students/youth: 11 and older | 10 | 47.6 |
| Teachers/administration/school staff | 4 | 19.0 |
| Intervention Duration | ||
| Multiple sessions | 14 | 66.7 |
| Single session | 7 | 33.3 |
| Intervention Components | ||
| Education/skill building | 19 | 90.5 |
| Interaction/contact | 6 | 28.6 |
| Policy development | 3 | 14.3 |
| Other | 6 | 28.6 |
| Evaluation Designs | ||
| Randomized controlled trial | 7 | 33.3 |
| Pretest-posttest | 5 | 23.8 |
| Posttest only | 6 | 28.6 |
| Other | 3 | 14.3 |
| Data Collected | ||
| Quantitative only | 9 | 42.9 |
| Qualitative only | 5 | 23.8 |
| Mixed-methods | 6 | 28.6 |
| None | 1 | 4.8 |
| Results | ||
| Bullying-related behavior | 10 | 47.6 |
| Attitudes | 5 | 23.8 |
| Knowledge | 6 | 28.6 |
| Other | 12 | 57.1 |
| No change | 4 | 19.0 |
| None noted | 2 | 9.5 |
Note: Some percentages do not add to 100 because one intervention counted in more than one category (e.g., Second Step addressed multiple stigmas)