Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of patients referred for enteral nutrition therapy

Baseline characteristics	EEN (n = 25)	PEN (n = 13)	P value
Female	18 (72)	12 (92)	0.222
Age, years	23.3 (15.8 to 38.4)	19.2 (16.5 to 38.2)	0.443
Ethnicity - NZ European	24 (96)	12 (92)	1.00
Duration of disease, years	0.07 (0.0 to 14.4)	0.06 (0.1 to 4.3)	0.675
Newly diagnosed	21 (84)	9 (69)	0.407
Occupation			0.885
Secondary school student	6 (24)	2 (15)
Tertiary institution student	5 (20)	2 (15)
Paid employment	11 (44)	7 (54)
Other	3 (12)	2 (15)
Current smoker	3 (12)	0 (0)	0.538
Disease location			0.554
Ileal	12 (48)	9 (69)
Colonic	0 (0)	0 (0)
Ileocolonic	13 (52)	4 (31)
Upper gastrointestinal	3 (12)	3 (23)
Perianal	2 (8)	1 (8)
Disease behaviour			0.958
Non-stricturing/penetrating	20 (80)	10 (77)
Stricturing	3 (12)	2 (15)
Penetrating	2 (8)	1 (8)
Disease activity (HBI)	5 (0 to 14)	5 (2 to 11)	0.994
<5	12 (48)	5 (38)	0.441
≥5	13 (52)	8 (62)
Concurrent medication			0.418
None	13 (52)	3 (13)
Mesalazine	9 (36)	6 (46)
Immunosuppressant	3 (12)	3 (23)
Biological	1 (4)	1 (8)
CRP, mg/L	9.0 (3 to 158)	25.0 (3 to 71)	0.199
<5 mg/L	8 (32)	3 (23)
Fecal calprotectin, µg/g	1,025 (60 to 3,600)	1,175 (60 to 3,600)
<500 µg/g	7 (28)	4 (31)	0.579
IGF-1, SDS	−0.3 (−2.7 to 0.6)	0.0 (−2.9 to 0.9)	0.826
Albumin, g/L	41 (34 to 49)	34 (26 to 45)	0.024*
BMI	23.5 (16.8 to 37.8)	24.3 (16.5 to 29.5)	0.721

Values are median (range) or n (%).

^*p < 0.05. Treatment groups were compared using either Mann-Whitney test, Fisher's exact test or chi-square test.

EEN, exclusive enteral nutrition; HBI, Harvey Bradshaw index; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; PEN, partial enteral nutrition; SDS, standard deviation score.