Table 3.
Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted PRs and 95% CIs of quitting smoking after the disaster according to demographic, disaster-related and psychosocial factors among the 14 025 smokers before the disaster
| Model | Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted model | Multivariable-adjusted model * | ||||
| PR | (95% CI) | P values | PR | (95% CI) | P values | |
| n=14025 | ||||||
| Demographic characteristics | ||||||
| Men (vs women)† | 0.63 | 0.56 to 0.71 | <0.0001 | 0.63 | 0.56 to 0.71 | <0.0001 |
| Age group‡ | ||||||
| Ages 20–49 years | 0.58 | 0.50 to 0.66 | <0.0001 | 0.53 | 0.46 to 0.62 | <0.0001 |
| Ages 50–64 years | 0.59 | 0.50 to 0.68 | <0.0001 | 0.57 | 0.48 to 0.66 | <0.0001 |
| Ages ≥65 years (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Educational attainment | ||||||
| Vocational college, junior college or more (vs lower education) | 1.32 | 1.17 to 1.49 | <0.0001 | 1.31 | 1.16 to 1.47 | <0.0001 |
| History of mental illness | ||||||
| Yes (vs no) | 1.09 | 0.87 to 1.37 | 0.436 | |||
| Disaster-related factors | ||||||
| Living arrangement | ||||||
| Evacuation shelter | 1.16 | 0.66 to 2.04 | 0.613 | 1.20 | 0.68 to 2.12 | 0.537 |
| Temporary housing | 0.90 | 0.74 to 1.10 | 0.314 | 0.95 | 0.78 to 1.16 | 0.614 |
| Rental house or apartment | 1.09 | 0.97 to 1.22 | 0.146 | 1.12 | 1.00 to 1.25 | 0.061 |
| Relative’s home | 1.24 | 0.91 to 1.68 | 0.180 | 1.20 | 0.88 to 1.63 | 0.256 |
| Own home (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| House damage | ||||||
| Yes (vs no) |
1.03 | 0.89 to 1.19 | 0.705 | |||
| Experience of disaster | ||||||
| Having experienced a tsunami yes (vs no) |
0.97 | 0.85 to 1.11 | 0.652 | |||
| Psychosocial factors | ||||||
| Change jobs yes (vs no) |
0.94 | 0.75 to 1.18 | 0.594 | |||
| Becoming unemployed yes (vs no) |
1.09 | 0.96 to 1.23 | 0.171 | |||
| Decreased income yes (vs no) |
0.85 | 0.75 to 0.97 | 0.012 | 0.86 | 0.75 to 0.98 | 0.019 |
| Presence of traumatic symptoms (PCL-S) ≥44 (vs ≤43) | 0.85 | 0.74 to 0.97 | 0.016 | 0.89 | 0.76 to 1.05 | 0.160 |
| Presence of non-specific mental illness (K6) ≥13 (vs ≤12) | 0.83 | 0.71 to 0.97 | 0.022 | 0.89 | 0.74 to 1.07 | 0.209 |
*Adjusted for age and sex, educational attainment, living arrangement, decreased income, the presence of traumatic symptoms and the presence of non-specific mental illness except for the variable of interest.
†Age adjusted.
‡Sex adjusted.
K6, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale; PCL-S, Checklist-Stressor Specific Version; PR, prevalence ratio.