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. 2018 Sep 12;8:13683. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31793-9

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Real-time photothermal heating of GNR@MC. The change in temperature of GNR@MC dispersed solution (red) and water (black) as a function of time. The inset represents the linear relationship between time and −ln(θ) obtained from the laser off the state of GNR@MC. The power intensity of the laser was 20 W/cm², and the irradiation time was 10 minutes. The interpretation and calculation of −ln(θ) are described in the text.