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. 2018 Sep 12;8:13689. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-32019-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Relative expression of genes showing statistically significant changes (⁺p < 0.1, ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01) in the field samples. Mucin and cytokines are represented in (A), and the other differentially expressed genes are shown in (B). Fold changes (FC) were calculated as the relative expression in lesion (L) versus non-lesion (NL) areas for GS 1 and GS 2, and in lesion areas post-treatment (TX-L) versus lesion areas at GS 2. Genes showing FC > 1 were up-regulated in lesion areas or post-treatment, whereas genes with FC < 1 were down-regulated in lesion areas or post-treatment.