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. 2018 Sep 6;5:244. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00244

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Copyright © 2018 Sheng, Ye, Zhang, Cawthorn and Xu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Diverse physiological functions and clinical relevance of SRA and its role in regulating cell cycle and signaling pathways. (A) An array of SRA functions related to regulation of myocyte and adipocyte differentiation, steroidogenesis and hepatocyte function. SRA transgene (MMTV-SRA) expression in mice led to aberrant mammary gland development, while SRA gene knockout (SRA^−/−) in mice protected them from diet-induced obesity. SRA is also involved in breast and prostate cancer, cardiomyopathy, and reproductive disorders including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), Normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotroic hypogonadism (IHH), Endometriosis. Perhaps related to its putative developmental and reproductive health functions, SRA is also expressed in extracellular vesicles (EVs) of human breastmilk. (B) SRA regulates cell cycle, proliferation and several signaling pathways in cancer cells and adipocytes.