Table 1.
Trauma and psychological characteristics of UCPPS and healthy control participants
| Characteristic mean (SD) | UCPPS (n = 421) | Healthy controls (n = 414) | F value | DF | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression (HADS-D) | 5.42 (4.20) | 1.80 (2.34) | 235.25 | 1,832 | < .001 |
| Anxiety (HADS-A) | 7.70 (4.54) | 3.63 (3.15) | 226.37 | 1,832 | < .001 |
| Catastrophizing (CSQ) | 12.63 (8.80) | 2.58 (4.58) | 421.23 | 1,826 | < .001 |
| Perceived stress (PSS) | 16.48 (7.89) | 10.44 (6.27) | 149.19 | 1,830 | < .001 |
| Physical health (SF-12 PCS) | 47.34 (10.31) | 57.14 (4.29) | 307.96 | 1,799 | <.001 |
| Mental health (SF-12 MCS) | 43.76 (10.42) | 53.76 (6.99) | 250.470 | 1,799 | <.001 |
| Number of functional symptoms | 8.74 (6.87) | 1.58 (2.80) | 386.98 | 1,833 | <.001 |
| Number of painful body map sites | 5.02 (6.47) | 1.24 (2.05) | 128.64 | 1,833 | <.001 |
| Fatigue (PROMIS-fatigue) | 19.12 (5.67) | 13.05 (3.74) | 333.09 | 1,833 | <.001 |
| Sleep disturbance (PROMIS –sleep disturbance) | 24.19 (7.75) | 15.09 (5.56) | 379.00 | 1,833 | <.001 |
| Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) severity (CTES) |
8.63 (8.16) | 6.08 (6.68) | 24.51 | 1,833 | <.001 |
| ACE # categories | 1.69 (1.41) | 1.29 (1.22) | 32.81 | 1,833 | <.001 |
| Frequency (%) | Pearson χ2 | p | |||
| Body map head pain | 118 (28) | 47 (11) | 36.61 | <.001 | |
| ACEs | |||||
| Death of family member/close friend | 209 (50) | 184 (45) | 2.17 | .14 | |
| Divorce/separation of parents | 126 (30) | 123 (30) | .002 | .96 | |
| Traumatic sexual experience | 85 (20) | 41 (10) | 17.37 | <.001 | |
| Victim of violence | 65 (15) | 39 (9) | 6.94 | .008 | |
| Extremely ill or injured | 82 (20) | 48 (12) | 10.06 | .002 | |
| Other trauma | 143 (34) | 102 (25) | 9.04 | .003 | |