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. 2018 Sep 6;12:551. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00551

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Copyright © 2018 Miller, Abrol, Adali, Levin-Schwarz and Calhoun.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The signal S(t) consisting of a low-amplitude 0.08 Hz segment followed by a high-amplitude 0.08 Hz segment is one manifestation of a signal with a narrow-band spectrum (shown top left) focused at 0.08 Hz. Matching 60 timeseries of Gaussian white noise to this spectrum yields (in sets of 20) the timeseries shown in the other three panels of this figure. It is evident that spectral-matching of Gaussian noise to a generic template spectrum can contain discernible temporal epochs with any given realization. Thus, such a model cannot be a good null model for dynamic connectivity as it will contain the very dynamics we are interested in studying.