Table 1.
Patients’ characteristics
| NAFL group(n = 37) | Non-NAFL group(n = 65) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male, % | 72.97 (n = 27) | 67.69 (n = 44) | 0.658 |
| Age, years | 47.91 ± 16.11 | 57.53 ± 16.62 | 0.006 |
| Weight, kg | 76.35 ± 20.74 | 67.91 ± 13.57 | 0.031 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.62 ± 7.01 | 24.44 ± 3.56 | 0.036 |
| Smoking, % | 48.65 (n = 18) | 46.15 (n = 30) | 0.839 |
| AST, U/L | 24 (14–29) | 26 (20–35) | 0.785 |
| ALT, U/L | 18 (12–33) | 21 (12–32) | 0.935 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.56 (0.85–2.11) | 1.15 (0.84–1.59) | 0.373 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.93 ± 1.15 | 4.94 ± 1.14 | 0.971 |
| LDL, mmol/L | 3.28 ± 1.30 | 3.35 ± 1.10 | 0.107 |
| HDL, mmol/L | 1.71 ± 0.38 | 1.85 ± 0.37 | 0.819 |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 1685 (943–2302) | 1876 (1060–3432) | 0.133 |
| LVM, g | 182.45 ± 69.32 | 139.98 ± 51.58 | 0.001 |
| LVM index, g/m2 | 100.78 ± 52.49 | 79.89 ± 30.06 | 0.012 |
| LV fibrosis size, g | 14.67 ± 9.35 | 8.80 ± 7.31 | 0.025 |
| MLGE/MM% | 8.81 ± 8.63 | 6.07 ± 4.70 | 0.048 |
| LA diameter, mm | 46.86 ± 11.17 | 44.51 ± 9.75 | 0.270 |
| LVDd, mm | 66.30 ± 12.40 | 62.50 ± 10.60 | 0.073 |
| LVSd, mm | 55.34 ± 9.34 | 53.23 ± 9.81 | 0.083 |
| IVS, mm | 9.00 (7.00–10.25) | 9.00 (7.00–10.00) | 0.255 |
| PWT, mm | 8.50 (7.00–11.00) | 8.00 (7.00–10.00) | 0.228 |
| LVEF, % | 24.11 ± 8.54 | 25.05 ± 10.58 | 0.645 |
| E, m/s (n = 87)* | 94.32 ± 37.22 | 104.00 ± 40.6 | 0.256 |
| A, m/s (n = 87)* | 67.35 ± 21.32 | 66.95 ± 28.70 | 0.959 |
| E/A (n = 87)* | 1.24 ± 0.73 | 1.71 ± 0.93 | 0.075 |
| Diastolic dysfunction(E/A < 0.8) (n = 87) | 11 (36.71) | 16 (24.63) | 0.477 |
| DM | 6 (16.23) | 22 (33.12) | 0.067 |
| Hypertension | 12 (32.43) | 25 (38.46) | 0.669 |
| ICM | 10 (27.11) | 26 (40.12) | 0.204 |
| CKD | 2 (5.85) | 5 (7.64) | 0.380 |
| ACEI-ARB | 35 (94.59) | 64 (98.46) | 0.297 |
| Beta-blocker | 35 (94.59) | 63 (96.92) | 0.620 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (range), or n (%).
*Of 102 patients, 87 had sinus rhythm and the other 15 had persistent atrial fibrillation. Therefore, the A wave was not obtained for those 15 patients.
BMI, body mass index; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; TG, triglycerides; TC, total cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide; LVM, left ventricular mass; LV, left ventricular; LA, left atrial; LVDd, left ventricular diastolic diameter; LVSd, left ventricular systolic diameter; IVS, interventricular septum; PWT, posterior wall thickness; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; E, transmitral Doppler early diastolic wave; A, transmitral Doppler atrial diastolic wave; E/A, early diastolic and atrial velocity ratio; DM, diabetes mellitus; ICM, ischemic cardiomyopathy; CKD, chronic kidney disease; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker.
P ≤ 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.