Figure 2. Connectome maturation and connectomic model of schizophrenia. (A) Structural and functional connectome maturation. The topology of the structural connectome is largely established at birth, but modular differentiation and the strengthening of hubs increase levels of modularity and integration. Functional circuits develop in hierarchical sequence; anti-correlations between task-positive and default-mode networks evolve. (B) Proposed connectomic model of schizophrenia. Reduced structural connectivity between hubs reduces inter-modular integration invoking cognitive deficits. Lower hub connectivity and weaker anti-correlations between task-positive (TP) and task-negative (TN) systems lead to reduced top-down control and autonomous 'runaway' activity of self-oriented (TN) networks giving rise to psychosis.