Table 2.
Data on the studies.
| Author | Symptom | Time to symptom after arthroplasty (years) | Admission radiographic finding | ESR/CRP | Aspiration | Joint fluid culture |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carothers | Thigh pain | 2 | Bone loss around cement | 54/0.24 | Yes (yellow synovial fluid) | Negative |
| Erdogan | Knee pain, chills, fever | 2 | No sign of implant loosening | 43/18 | Yes | Positive |
| Dauty | Discharge, fever | NA | Loosening of tibial plateau | 60/80 | Yes | Negative |
| Tassinari | Knee pain | 2 | Small area of resorption on tibial component | 81/4.61 | Yes (turbid yellowish corpuscolated fluid) | Positive |
| Tena | Hip pain, fever | 5 | Implant loosening | ESR 40 | Yes (purulent fluid) | Positive |
| Ruiz-Iban | Thigh pain, groin pain | 3 | Radiolucent lines | increased | Yes | Positive |
| Painless suppuration | 2 | Well-integrated | NA | No | No | |
| Cairo | Intraoperative culture | Intraoperative culture | No loosening | ESR 123 | No | No |
| Hip pain, limping | 3 | Loosening | NA | No | No | |
| Kasim | Hip pain | 14 | Loosening | ESR 88 | No | No |
| Weil | Hip pain, fever | 4 | Loosening of femoral component | ESR 20 | Yes | Negative |
| Swollen, painful, warm knee | 3 | Loosening of both femoral and tibial components | NA | Yes | Negative (Acinetobacter baumanii) | |
| Fever, pelvic pain | 14 | Loosening of the femoral component. | ESR 76 | Yes | Positive | |
| Ortega-Andreu | Hip pain | 5 | Loosening of femoral component | NA | No | No |
| Orti | Knee pain | 1 | No loosening | 57/64 | Yes (serosanguineous synovial material) | Positive |
| Malizos | Synovitis, knee pain | 0.3 | No loosening | NA | Yes (serosanguineous synovial material) | Positive |
| Agarwal | Superficial infection, abscess | 0.2 | No loosening | NA | Yes (serosanguineous synovial material) | Positive |
| Jones | Fever | 3 | No loosening | ESR 36 | Yes | Negative |
NA, not available; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein.