Table 2.
Summary of anti-VEGF and DEX-implant studies (VA: Visual Acuity, CSMT: central subfield macular thickness, ND: nondeclared, IVI: intravitreal injection, IOP: intraocular pressure).
| Study | Drugs | Study design | Patient status | Number (eyes) | Follow-up (months) | Mean Number IVI | Baseline VA (letters) | Final VA (letters) | Mean VA gain (letters) | IOP | Cataract progression/extraction | Others complications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blinder KJ et al. [14] | Anti-VEGF | Retrospective | Mixed | 156 | 36 | 14.2 | 59.0 | 64.5 | 5.5 | 7.7% IOP ≥ 25 mmHg, 1.3% IOP ≥35 mmHg, rise of IOP ≥10 mmHg in 5.1% | 15.4% | No endophthalmitis |
| Matsuda S et al. [15] | Anti-VEGF | Retrospective | Naïve | 124 | 12 | 5.8 | 57.5 | 64 | 6.5 | ND | ND | ND |
| Shah CP et al. [16] | Anti-VEGF | Prospective | Non-Naïve | 30 | 29.2 | 17.0 | 63.5 | 67 | 3.5 | ND | ND | ND |
| Shimizu N et al. [17] | Anti-VEGF | Retrospective | Mixed | 46 | 6 | 2.7 | 65.5 | 70 | 4.5 | ND | ND | ND |
| Wecker T, et al. [18] | Anti-VEGF | Retrospective | ND | 479 | 12 | 17.0 | 60.5 | 59.2 | -1.3 | ND | ND | ND |
| Yiu G et al. [19] | Anti-VEGF | Retrospective | Naïve | 33 | 6 | 2.7 | 60 | 64 | 3.85 | ND | ND | ND |
| Barhamy B et al. [20] | Aflibercept | Prospective | Non-Naïve | 43 | 6 | 5.0 | 67.8 | 71 | 3.2 | 0% (IOP ≥ 25mmHg or a rise of IOP ≥ 10mmHg) | 0% | None |
| Herbaut A. et al. [21] | Aflibercept | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 29 | 6 | 3.0 | 57.1 | 65.1 | 8 | ND | ND | ND |
| Kaiho T et al. [22] | Aflibercept | ND | Non-Naïve | 51 | 12 | 3.8 | 65.5 | 70 | 4.5 | ND | ND | ND |
| Klein et al. [23] | Aflibercept | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 11 | 6 | 4.7 | 54.8 | 62.3 | 7.5 | ND | ND | ND |
| Aksoy S et al. [24] | Bevacizumab | Prospective | Naïve | 20 | 6 | 6.0 | 51.0 | 55.5 | 4.5 | 10% (IOP > 21mmHg) | 2.50% | None |
| Fong DS et al. [25] | Bevacizumab | Retrospective | Mixed (65% Naïve, 30% Laser, 4% Steroïd) | 309 | 24 | 3.1 | 57 | 62.3 | 5.3 | ND | ND | ND |
| Güler E et al. [26] | Bevacizumab | Prospective | ND | 20 | 9 | 6.0 | 38 | 42 | 4 | ND | 0% | None |
| Hanhart J et al. [27] | Bevacizumab | Retrospective | Naïve | 35 | 8 | 3.6 | 60.5 | 64 | 3.5 | ND | ND | ND |
| Koc C et al. [28] | Bevacizumab | Retrospective | Naïve | 90 | 24 | 4.9 | 45.2 | 48.7 | 3.5 | ND | 13.7% | 1 cerebrovascular accident |
| Kook D et al. [29] | Bevacizumab | Prospective | Non-Naïve | 126 | 12 | 2.7 | 40.3 | 45.4 | 5.1 | ND | ND | ND |
| Riazi-Esfahani M et al. [30] | Bevacizumab | ND | Naïve | 46 | 6 | 67.5 | 72.5 | 5 | 6.5% (IOP ≥ 21 mmHg) | 0 | ND | |
| Fechter BS et al. [31] | Bevacizumab | ND | Non-Naïve | 30 | 12 | 9.3 | 63.5 | 70.35 | 6.9 | ND | ND | None |
| Yuksel E et al. [32] | Bevacizumab | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 71 | 9.8 | 2.0 | 41 | 45.5 | 4.5 | ND | ND | ND |
| Solaiman KAM et al. [33] | Bevacizumab | Prospective | ND | 22 | 14 | 3.3 | 56.3 | 64.3 | 8 | ND | 9.1% | Subconjunctival haemorrhage |
| Cheema HR et al. [34] | Bevacizumab (Diffuse) | Retrospective | ND | 28 | 6 | 1.3 | 44.0 | 45 | 1 | ND | ND | ND |
| Cheema HR et al. [34] | Bevacizumab (Focal) | Prospective | ND | 20 | 6 | 2.1 | 69.0 | 73.5 | 4.5 | ND | ND | ND |
| Cheema HR et al. [34] | Bevacizumab (NSD) | Retrospective | ND | 13 | 6 | 2.6 | 38.5 | 45.5 | 7 | ND | ND | ND |
| Mushtaq B et al. [35] | Bevacizumab CSMT<400 | ND | ND | 81 | 12 | 3.3 | 56 | 62.5 | 6 | ND | ND | ND |
| Mushtaq B et al. [35] | Bevacizumab CSMT>400 | ND | ND | 94 | 12 | 4.0 | 51.5 | 57.5 | 6 | ND | ND | ND |
| Crosson JN et al. [36] | Bevacizumab | Retrospective | ND | 102 | 60 | 5.5 | 50 | 55 | 5 | ND | ND | ND |
| Solaiman et al. [33] | Bevacizumab | Prospective | ND | 22 | 14 | 2.4 | 54.5 | 59.1 | 4.6 | ND | 9.1% | ND |
| Chatziralli I et al. [37] | Ranibizumab | Retrospective | Naïve | 332 | 12 | 6.7 | 56.4 | 64.4 | 8 | ND | ND | ND |
| Ciulla TA et al. [38] | Ranibizumab | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 33 | 12 | 6.0 | 59.0 | 63 | 4 | ND | ND | ND |
| Egan C, et al. [39] | Ranibizumab | Retrospective | Mixed (49,6% Naïve) | 3103 | 24 | 5.4 | 51.1 | 52.5 | 1.4 | ND | ND | 1 endophthalmitis |
| Granstrom T et al. [40] | Ranibizumab | Retrospective | ND | 59 | 12 | 5.0 | 65 | 70.2 | 5.2 | ND | ND | ND |
| Hadzibegovic DH et al. [41] | Ranibizumab | Retrospective | Mixed (97% Naïve) | 566 | 48 | 13.5 | 64.8 | 67.1 | 2.3 | ND | 9.9% | 1 traumatic cataract |
| Katz G et al. [42] | Ranibizumab | ND | Non-Naïve | 40 | 16 | 8.4 | 65 | 66.5 | 1.5 | ND | 0 | None |
| Koc C et al. [28] | Ranibizumab | Retrospective | Naïve | 101 | 24 | 6.9 | 49.8 | 54.8 | 5 | ND | 7.1% | None |
| Koyanagi Y et al. [43] | Ranibizumab | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 25 | 12 | 7.4 | 60 | 68.5 | 8.5 | ND | 0 | None |
| Mori Y et al. [44] | Ranibizumab | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 68 | 12 | 6.4 | 72 | 77.5 | 5.5 | ND | ND | ND |
| Wilke RGH et al. [45] | Ranibizumab | Retrospective | ND | 335 | 36 | 10.0 | 59 | 63.8 | 4.8 | ND | ND | ND |
| Akincioglu D et al. [46] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 57 | 12 | 1.3 | 51 | 58 | 7 | 28% (rise of IOP > 10 mmHg) | 21.5% | ND |
| Alshahrani ST et al. [47] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 26 | 6 | 1.0 | 52 | 59 | 7 | 26% IOP > 21mmHg | 1.8% | ND |
| Bansal P et al. [48] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Mixed | 67 | 6 | 1.0 | 44 | 56 | 12 | 12% (IOP > 21 mmHg) | 4.5% | Subconjunctival haemorrhage |
| Chatziral.li I et al. [49] | DEX Implant | Prospective | Non-Naïve | 54 | 12 | 2.1 | 52 | 5.2 | 5.6% (IOP > 20mmHg) | 4.3% | ND | |
| Chhablani J et al. [50] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 64 | 7.67 | 1.3 | 52.5 | 61 | 8.5 | 7.6% (rise of IOP > 10 mmHg) | 2.5% | ND |
| Chhablani J et al. [50] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Naïve | 15 | 11 | 1.3 | 56 | 63 | 7 | 7.6% (rise of IOP > 10 mmHg) | 2.5% | ND |
| Cicinelli MV et al. [51] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 45 | 12 | 1.9 | 64.2 | 70 | 5.8 | 18.4% (IOP ≥ 20 mmHg) | 20% | ND |
| Degoumois A et al. [52] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 42 | 20.6 | 1.6 | 55 | 61.4 | 6.4 | 8% (IOP > 25 mmHg), 2 % (IOP> 30 mmHg) | 4.8% | ND |
| Dutra Medeiros M et al. [53] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 58 | 6 | 1.0 | 52 | 63 | 11 | No anecdotal IOP elevation | ND | None |
| Escobar-Barranco JJ et al. [54] | DEX Implant | Prospective | Non-Naïve | 40 | 6 | 1.9 | 51.3 | 59.4 | 8.1 | 7.9% (rise of IOP > 10 mmHg) | 2.6% | 3.9% Intravitreal haemorrhage |
| Escobar-Barranco JJ et al. [54] | DEX Implant | Prospective | Naïve | 36 | 6 | 1.9 | 59.6 | 73.6 | 14.1 | 7.9% (rise of IOP > 10 mmHg) | 2.6% | 3.9% Intravitreal haemorrhage |
| Esen E et al. [55] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 25 | 6 | 1.0 | 36.5 | 46.5 | 10 | 16% (IOP > 21 mmHg) | 4% | None |
| Güler E et al. [56] | DEX Implant | Prospective | Non-Naïve | 15 | 6 | 49 | 62 | 13 | 20% | 0 | None | |
| Iglicki et al. [57] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 59 | 24 | 3.1 | 54.5 | 63 | 8.5 | 7.1% | ND | ND |
| Iglicki et al. [57] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Naïve | 71 | 24 | 3.9 | 55.5 | 66.8 | 11.3 | 11.4% | ND | ND |
| Kaldirim H et al. [58] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 35 | 6 | 1.0 | 58 | 69.5 | 11.5 | 11.4% | 0% | ND |
| Lozano Lopez V et al. [59] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | ND | 36 | 6 | 10.9 | 29.5% (IOP > 23 mmHg) 1.1% filtering surgery | ND | None | |||
| Mastropasqua R et al. [60] | DEX Implant | Prospective | Naïve | 27 | 6 | 1.7 | 68.5 | 79.5 | 11 | 0% | 0% | ND |
| Matonti F et al. [61] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Mixed | 23 | 12 | 2.1 | 49.6 | 60 | 10.4 | 11.7% (IOP> 25 mmHg) | 0% | 26% Subconjunctival haemorrhage |
| Moon BG et al. [62] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Mixed | 186 | 6 | >1 | 55 | 60.5 | 5.5 | 4.3% (IOP > 30mmHg) | 23.2% | 1 Infectious endophthalmitis |
| Guigou S et al. [63] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Naïve | 16 | 6 | 1.2 | 51.1 | 71.3 | 20.2 | 11.7% (IOP > 25 mmHg), 13.3% (rise of IOP > 10 mmHg) | 0% | 26% Subconjunctival haemorrhage, 8.6% Intravitreal haemorrhage |
| Guigou S et al. [63] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Mixed (20,5% De Naïve) | 78 | 6 | 1.2 | 53.9 | 61.92 | 8 | 11.7% (IOP > 25 mmHg), 13.3% (rise of IOP > 10 mmHg) | 0% | 27% Subconjunctival haemorrhage, 2.6% Intravitreal haemorrhage |
| Aknin I et al. [64] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Mixed | 29 | 18 | 1.5 | 51.7 | 68.2 | 16.5 | 6.9% (IOP > 25 mmHg) | 13.8% | None |
| Pacella E et al [65] | DEX Implant | ND | Non-Naïve | 20 | 6 | 1.0 | 18.8 | 28.15 | 9.4 | 5.8% (IOP >26 mmHg) | 0% | None |
| Pareja-Rios et al. [66] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Naïve | 113 | 12 | 1.4 | 43.5 | 53.2 | 9.7 | 4% (rise of IOP > 10mmHg) | ND | None |
| Pareja-Rios et al. [66] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Naïve | 11 | 12 | 1.4 | 56.5 | 65.3 | 8.8 | 4% (rise of IOP > 10mmHg) | ND | ND |
| Bellocq D et al. [67] | DEX Implant | Prospective | Mixed (73% Naïve) | 37 | 6 | 1.5 | 58.7 | 68.7 | 10.1 | 14% (IOP > 25 mmHg), 3% (IOP > 35mmHg) 8% (rise of IOP > 10 mmHg) | ND | Subconjunctival haemorrhage |
| Fine et al. [13] | DEX Implant | Prospective | Non-Naïve | 101 | 12 | 2.0 | 57.2 | 65.9 | 8.7 | 12.2% (IOP > 25 mmHg), 2.8% (IOP > 35mmHg) 12.8% (rise of IOP > 10 mmHg) | ND | Vitreous floaters (4.3%) |
| Mal.clès A et al. [68] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Mixed (27% Naïve) | 128 | 36 | 3.6 | 50.5 | 60.6 | 9.5 | 10.2% (IOP > 25 mmHg), 2.3% (IOP > 35mmHg) 19% (rise of IOP > 10 mmHg) | ND | ND |
| Sacconi R et al. [69] | DEX Implant | Prospective | Mixed | 14 | 12 | 1.7 | 72.5 | 80 | 7.5 | 21% (IOP > 21 mmHg) | 0% | ND |
| Scaramuzzi M et al. [69] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Mixed (7% Naïve) | 15 | 12 | 2.0 | 51.5 | 60 | 8.5 | 20% | 8.3% | ND |
| Totan Y et al. [70] | DEX Implant | Prospective | Non-Naïve | 30 | 6 | >1 | 57 | 64.5 | 7.5 | 13.3% (IOP > 21 mmHg) | 0% | ND |
| Unsal. E et al. [71] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 46 | 6 | 1.1 | 41 | 57.5 | 16.5 | 17.4% (IOP > 25 mmHg) | 8.7% | 12% Subconjunctival haemorrhage |
| Yucel OE et al. [72] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 30 | BVA (letters) | 1.0 | 51 | 57 | 6 | 16.7% (IOP > 23 mmHg) | 13% | None |
| Zhioua I et al. [73] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 13 | 9 | 1.1 | 29.6 | 35 | 5.4 | 15.4% (IOP > 21 mmHg) | 7.9% | None |
| Yorgun MA et al. [75] | DEX Implant | Retrospective | Non-Naïve | 41 | 6 | 1.0 | 42.5 | 50.5 | 8 | 12% (IOP> 21 mmHg) | 0% | None |