Table 3.
Biochemical characteristics of the control group and the study group.
| Control group (n = 11) | Study group (n = 17) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MMP-1 (ng/ml) | 3.8 ± 2.3 | 11.4 ± 6.8 | <0.001 |
| MMP-2 (ng/ml) | 239.5 ± 31.6 | 258.9 ± 64.0 | 0.47 |
| TIMP-1 (ng/ml) | 216.2 ± 67.8 | 242.9 ± 74.7 | 0.27 |
| MMP-9 (ng/ml) | 351.0 ± 141.5 | 421.2 ± 186.7 | 0.29 |
| BDNF (ng/ml) | 24.1 ± 6.3 | 38.4 ± 13.2 | 0.001 |
| GDNF (ng/ml) | 5.7 ± 13.9 | 3.1 ± 2.5 | 0.45 |
| VEGF (ng/ml) | 125.5 ± 120.3 | 69.5 ± 66.8 | 0.18 |
| fT4 (ng/dl) | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 0.38 |
| TSH (mIU/l) | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 3.1 ± 1.6 | 0.37 |
| ALT (IU/l) | 14.7 ± 4.1 | 17.7 ± 3.1 | 0.06 |
| AST (IU/l) | 34.3 ± 10.0 | 31.2 ± 10.0 | 0.39 |
| IGF-1 (ng/ml) | 172.1 ± 110.3 | 549.2 ± 264.5 | <0.001 |
Mann–Whitney U test. Data are presented as mean ± SD. hSDS: height standard deviation score; MMP-1: matrix metalloproteinase-1; MMP-2: matrix metalloproteinase-2; TIMP-1: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1; MMP-9: matrix metallopeptidase 9; BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; fT4: unbound T4; TSH: thyroid-stimulating hormone; ALT: alanine transaminase; AST: aspartate transaminase; IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor 1.