Table 2.
Characteristics as of blood draw (1989–1990) in primary open-angle glaucoma cases and controls among postmenopausal Nurses’ Health Study participants*
| Case (n=189) |
Control (n=189) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Estrone (geometric mean (SD); pg/mL) | 25.4(2.5) | 25.6(2.4) |
| Estradiol (geometric mean (SD); pg/mL) | 6.3(2.2) | 6.3(2.1) |
| SHBG (geometric mean (SD); nmol/L) | 66.7(1.7) | 63.8(1.7) |
| DHEAS (geometric mean (SD); µg/dL) | 48.8(1.8) | 45.0(1.8) |
| Testosterone (geometric mean (SD); ng/dL) | 15.6(1.6) | 14.7(1.6) |
| Age (years) † | 61.6(4.8) | 61.4(4.8) |
| Fasting status, % † | 32 | 28 |
| Current smoking,% | 12 | 10 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.4(3.9) | 24.4(3.6) |
| Family history of glaucoma, % | 26 | 10 |
| Hypertension, % | 30 | 26 |
| Age at menopause (years) | 49.3(4.0) | 49.3(4.3) |
| Bilateral oophorectomy, % | 19 | 18 |
| Current postmenopausal hormone use, % † | 39 | 39 |
| Race/ethnicity†‡: White, % | 94 | 99 |
| Black, % | 2 | 0 |
| Asian, % | 1 | 0 |
| Latino, % | 2 | 0 |
| Non-white, other, % | 1 | 1 |
*
Values are means ± SD or percentages and are standardized to the age distribution of the study population.
†
Matching factors
‡
Race was defined in 5 categories: White, Black, Asian, Latino, Other
Abbreviations: SHBG: sex hormone binding globulin; DHEAS: Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate