Table 2.
. Relative risk ratios (RRR) and 95% bootstrapped confidence intervals for effect of covariates on transitions from engaged in care to disengaged for 1 interval or death, relative to remaining engaged in care.
| Prior state | Engaged | |
|---|---|---|
| Current state | Disengaged | Death |
| CD4 counts (Ref: <250) | ||
| 250–500 | 0.87 (0.83, 0.90) | 0.28 (0.25, 0.30) |
| >500 | 0.79 (0.76, 0.83) | 0.17 (0.15, 0.19) |
| never measured | 4.67 (4.27, 5.16) | 2.09 (1.66, 2.66) |
| Viral load (VL) measured | 0.31 (0.29, 0.33) | 0.28 (0.23, 0.34) |
| log10 VL among measured | 1.26 (1.24, 1.27) | 1.27 (1.23, 1.30) |
| Initiated ART | 0.80 (0.75, 0.85) | 0.60 (0.53, 0.69) |
| Year initiated ART (Ref: 1996–200) | ||
| 2003–2006 | 1.03 (0.98, 1.09) | 1.14 (1.01, 1.29) |
| 2007–2010 | 0.91 (0.85, 0.98) | 1.24 (1.05, 1.49) |
| 2011+ | 0.79 (0.72, 0.87) | 1.25 (0.95, 1.64) |
| Missing ART information | 2.11 (1.95, 2.31) | 2.75 (2.30, 3.35) |
| AIDS-defining illness | 0.67 (0.65, 0.70) | 2.69 (2.50, 2.92) |
| Race (Ref: Caucasian) | ||
| African American | 1.02 (0.98, 1.06) | 0.90 (0.82, 0.98) |
| Others | 1.03 (0.97, 1.01) | 0.86 (0.71, 1.03) |
| Missing | 1.21 (1.09, 1.35) | 1.40 (1.04, 1.84) |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 0.79 (0.74, 0.84) | 0.64 (0.54, 0.75) |
| Missing ethnicity | 2.06 (1.83, 2.30) | 2.08 (1.62, 2.65) |
| Age>40yrs | 0.72 (0.70, 0.74) | 1.70 (1.57, 1.85) |
| Sex & HIV risk factors** (Ref: MSM NIDU) | ||
| MSM IDU | 1.02 (0.95, 1.09) | 1.43 (1.21, 1.69) |
| Male hetero NIDU | 1.10 (1.04, 1.15) | 1.41 (1.24, 1.61) |
| Male hetero IDU | 1.14 (1.05, 1.25) | 1.91 (1.62, 2.24) |
| Female hetero NIDU | 0.99 (0.95, 1.04) | 1.14 (0.99, 1.29) |
| Female hetero IDU | 0.94 (0.86, 1.03) | 1.62 (1.32, 1.92) |
| Others | 1.10 (1.05, 1.15) | 1.58 (1.42, 1.75) |
| Missing | 1.28 (1.16, 1.40) | 2.08 (1.69, 2.54) |
Factors that their 95% CI excludes 1 are highlighted in bold. All effects are adjusted by site, duration of follow-up, and calendar time (see supplemental data).
MSM represents men who sex with men; Hetero represents heterosexual contacts; IDU and NIDU represent injection drug users and none injection drug users, respectively.
Sex and HIV risk factors are combined. There is no main effect of sex as sex spans multiple risk factor categories. Also, injection drug use information is coupled with sexual orientation information to determine HIV risk factors in CNICS.
For time varying covariates (CD4, VL, ART, and AIDS), the most recently observed values obtained at last time engaged in care were used.