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. 2018 Sep 13;8:13741. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-32205-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Suppression of AML cell growth by PIP/56-1 treatment in two different murine leukemia models. (a) After subcutaneous transplantation of UCSD/AML cells (week 0), when tumors reached a minimum volume of 300 mm³ (4 weeks), Balb/c-RJ mice were intravenously injected with PIP/56-1 or PIP/AP2 (five mice each) via tail vein weekly for four weeks (red arrows), and tumor size was measured weekly. Data represent the mean ± S.D. of five mice. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 between the control PIP/AP2-injected and PIP/56-1-injected groups (Student’s t-test). Tn, day of transplantation; Tv, start of measurement of tumor volume; S, day of sacrifice. (b) Images representing tumor burden in PIP/AP2- and PIP/56-1-injected mice at 10 weeks posttransplantation. Tumors are marked by red dashed lines. (c) After sacrifice of tumor-bearing mice, tumor weights were determined. Data represent the mean ± S.D. of five mice. *P < 0.05 between the control PIP/AP2-injected and PIP/56-1-injected groups (Student’s t-test). (d) Four weeks following intravenous injection of UCSD/AML1 cells into immunodeficient Balb/c-RJ mice, PIP/AP2, PIP/56-1 or solvent were injected into mice four times weekly. Kaplan-Meier survival curves are shown for each group: mice without the transplant (healthy control), mice transplanted with UCSD/AML1 and treated with solvent only (C), control PIP/AP2, or PIP/56-1. *P < 0.05 between the solvent- (C) or PIP/AP2- and PIP/56-1-injected groups (log-rank test). (e) Percentages of infiltrating UCSD/AML1 cells into mononuclear cells from murine BM, liver, spleen, and peripheral blood were measured by FCM using anti-human CD45 antibody. Data represent the mean ± S.D. of three mice. *P < 0.05 between the control PBS-injected (C) and PIP/56-1-injected groups (Student’s t-test). (f) Percentages of each type of blood cell in BM mononuclear cells from PIP/AP2- and the PIP/56-1-injected mice measured by FCM analysis. Data represent the mean ± S.D. of three mice. Note that numbers of BM mononuclear cells were not significantly different between PI/AP2-treated and PIP/56-1-treated mice.