Fig. 1. The background subtracted and normalized room temperature solution-phase An^III L₃-edge XANES spectra of An^III (An = Cm^III, top; Am^III, middle; Ac^III, bottom) cations dissolved in HNO₃ (0.05 M, blue trace; 4 M, red trace; and 16 M, green trace). Spectra are displayed with a slight y-offset for clarity.