Table 4. Secondary Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Outcomes Stratified by Caffeine Citrate Administration.
| Variable | No. (%) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caffeine (n = 447) |
No Caffeine (n = 228) |
||
| Early AKI, ≤7 d | |||
| AKI, sCr plus UOP | 50 (11.2) | 72 (31.6) | 0.20 (0.11-0.34)a |
| AKI, sCr | 47 (10.5) | 60 (26.3) | 0.20 (0.11-0.37)a |
| AKI, UOP | 8 (1.8) | 17 (7.5) | 0.40 (0.15-1.06)a |
| Stage 1 | 27 (6.0) | 32 (14.0) | 0.20 (0.12-0.34)b |
| Stage 2 | 17 (3.8) | 16 (7.0) | |
| Stage 3 | 6 (1.3) | 24 (10.5) | |
| Any AKI, ≤120 d | |||
| AKI, sCr | 100 (22.4) | 71 (31.1) | 0.28 (0.16-0.49)a |
| Stage 1 | 54 (12.1) | 40 (17.5) | 0.30 (0.19-0.48)b |
| Stage 2 | 34 (7.6) | 17 (7.5) | |
| Stage 3 | 15 (3.4) | 26 (11.4) | |
Abbreviations: NNE, number needed to be exposed; OR, odds ratio; sCr, serum creatinine; UOP, urine output.
a
Adjusted for assisted conception, gestational age, birth weight, race, Apgar score at 1 minute, invasive respiratory support, type of center, antibiotic use, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use.
b
Adjusted for assisted conception, birth weight, race, Apgar score at 1 minute, invasive respiratory support, type of center, antibiotic use, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use.