Table 2.

Regression coefficients representing associations between temporal incidence of case-level affective symptoms and cognitive function scores at 69 years.

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	Cognitive scores, mean difference (95% CI)	p	Cognitive scores, mean difference (95% CI)	p	Cognitive scores, mean difference (95% CI)	p
ACE-III scores
Never case-level (reference)
Case-level in earlier-life only	−0.04 (−0.73, 0.80)	0.93	−0.33 (−1.06, 0.40)	0.37	−0.27 (−0.98, 0.43)	0.45
Case-level in late-life and earlier-life	−1.36 (−2.31, −0.42)	0.01	−1.11 (−2.00, −0.23)	0.01	−1.30 (−2.16, −0.44)	0.01
Case-level in late-life only	−0.21 (−1.26, 0.85)	0.70	−0.71 (−1.65, 0.22)	0.14	−1.02 (−1.93, −0.11)	0.03
Verbal memory
Never case-level (reference)
Case-level in earlier-life only	0.38 (−0.36, 1.11)	0.31	−0.35 (−1.05, 0.35)	0.33	−0.27 (−0.97, 0.43)	0.45
Case-level in late-life and earlier-life	−0.74 (−1.65, −0.17)	0.05	−1.23 (−2.10, −0.37)	0.01	−1.23 (−2.09, −0.37)	0.01
Case-level in late-life only	−0.50 (−1.55, 0.55)	0.35	−0.95 (−1.89, −0.02)	0.05	−1.14 (−2.07, −0.21)	0.02
Letter search speed
Never case-level (reference)
Case-level in earlier-life only	−7.27 (−15.99, 1.44)	0.10	−10.44 (−20.10, −0.78)	0.03	−9.98 (−19.71, −0.24)	0.05
Case-level in late-life and earlier-life	−14.04 (−24.85, −3.23)	0.01	−17.37 (−29.28, −5.46)	<0.01	−17.00 (−29.00, −4.99)	0.01
Case-level in late-life only	−4.85 (−17.30, 7.60)	0.45	−3.89 (−16.75, 8.96)	0.55	−4.40 (−17.36, 8.56)	0.51
Letter search accuracy
Never case-level (reference)
Case-level in earlier-life only	−0.64 (−1.26, −0.02)	0.08	−0.88 (−1.56, −0.21)	0.01	−0.86 (−1.53, −0.18)	0.01
Case-level in late-life and earlier-life	−0.93 (−1.70, −0.16)	0.01	−1.12 (−1.95, −0.29)	0.01	−1.20 (−2.03, −0.36)	0.01
Case-level in late-life only	−0.47 (−1.36, 0.41)		−0.61 (−1.50, 0.28)	0.18	−0.68 (−1.57, 0.22)	0.14

Model 1 shows unadjusted coefficients; Model 2 shows coefficients adjusted for sex, childhood cognition, childhood occupational position, educational attainment, midlife occupational position; Model 3 shows coefficients further adjusted for a measure of general cognition, NART. NB: CI = confidence intervals. p < 0.05 notated in bold.

Late-life (60+) case-level incidence affect categories were defined as: late life incidence = case-level symptoms at assessments when participants were aged 60–64 and 69; earlier-life incidence = case-level symptoms at assessments when participants were aged < 60 (13, 15, 26, 36, 43, 53). The variable was recoded with four levels: (a) never case-level (reference); (b) no case-level incidence at age 60+ but previously case-level; (c) case-level incidence at age 60+ and previously case-level; (d) first incidence of case-level at 60+).